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Existing fairness benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) primarily focus on simple tasks, such as multiple-choice questions, overlooking biases that may arise in more complex scenarios like long-text generation. To address this gap, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wonje Jeung , Dongjae Jeon , Ashkan Yousefpour , Jonghyun Choi

Existing approaches to bias evaluation in large language models (LLMs) trade ecological validity for statistical control, relying either on artificial prompts that poorly reflect real-world use or on naturalistic tasks that lack scale and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Akram Elbouanani , Aboubacar Tuo , Adrian Popescu

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as automated graders in educational settings, concerns about fairness and bias in their evaluations have become critical. This study investigates whether LLMs exhibit implicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rudra Jadhav , Janhavi Danve , Sonalika Shaw

This paper investigates the influence of cognitive biases on Large Language Models (LLMs) outputs. Cognitive biases, such as confirmation and availability biases, can distort user inputs through prompts, potentially leading to unfaithful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yan Sun , Stanley Kok

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed for open-ended communication, yet most bias evaluations still rely on English, classification-style tasks. We introduce \corpusname, a new multilingual, debate-style benchmark designed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Muhammed Saeed , Muhammad Abdul-mageed , Shady Shehata

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted by users across the globe, who interact with them in a diverse range of languages. At the same time, there are well-documented imbalances in the training data and optimisation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Bram Bulté , Ayla Rigouts Terryn

Large language models demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities through chain-of-thought prompting, but whether this reasoning quality transfers across languages remains underexplored. We introduce a human-validated framework to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Anaelia Ovalle , Candace Ross , Sebastian Ruder , Adina Williams , Karen Ullrich , Mark Ibrahim , Levent Sagun

Large language models (LLMs) are known to be sensitive to input phrasing, but the mechanisms by which semantic cues shape reasoning remain poorly understood. We investigate this phenomenon in the context of comparative math problems with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mohammadamin Shafiei , Hamidreza Saffari , Nafise Sadat Moosavi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer everyday questions, yet their performance on culturally grounded and dialectal content remains uneven across languages. We propose a comprehensive method that (i) translates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti , Firoj Alam

Implicit gender bias in Large Language Models (LLMs) is a well-documented problem, and implications of gender introduced into automatic translations can perpetuate real-world biases. However, some LLMs use heuristics or post-processing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Peter J Barclay , Ashkan Sami

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are advancing rapidly, with new models frequently claiming support for an increasing number of languages. However, existing evaluation datasets are limited and lack cross-lingual alignment, leaving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Wenhan Han , Yifan Zhang , Zhixun Chen , Binbin Liu , Haobin Lin , Bingni Zhang , Taifeng Wang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Meng Fang , Yin Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to clinical decision-making. However, their potential to exhibit bias poses significant risks to clinical equity. Currently, there is a lack of benchmarks that systematically evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Yubo Zhang , Shudi Hou , Mingyu Derek Ma , Wei Wang , Muhao Chen , Jieyu Zhao

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, ensuring their fair responses across demographics has become crucial. Despite many efforts, an ongoing challenge is hidden bias: LLMs appear fair under…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Kahee Lim , Soyeon Kim , Steven Euijong Whang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in user-facing applications, raising concerns that they may reflect and amplify social biases. We investigate social identity biases in Chinese LLMs using Mandarin-specific prompts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Geng Liu , Feng Li , Junjie Mu , Mengxiao Zhu , Francesco Pierri

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, their outputs often exhibit social biases, raising fairness concerns. Existing debiasing methods, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yujie Lin , Kunquan Li , Yixuan Liao , Xiaoxin Chen , Jinsong Su

With the increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) in education, concerns about inherent biases in these models have gained prominence. We evaluate LLMs for bias in the personalized educational setting, specifically focusing on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Iain Weissburg , Sathvika Anand , Sharon Levy , Haewon Jeong

This paper presents a competitive approach to multilingual subjectivity detection using large language models (LLMs) with few-shot prompting. We participated in Task 1: Subjectivity of the CheckThat! 2025 evaluation campaign. We show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Akram Elbouanani , Evan Dufraisse , Aboubacar Tuo , Adrian Popescu

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate biased and toxic responses. Yet most prior work on LLM gender bias evaluation requires predefined gender-related phrases or gender stereotypes, which are challenging to be comprehensively collected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Xiangjue Dong , Yibo Wang , Philip S. Yu , James Caverlee

Large Language Models(LLMs) have revolutionized various applications in natural language processing (NLP) by providing unprecedented text generation, translation, and comprehension capabilities. However, their widespread deployment has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Rajesh Ranjan , Shailja Gupta , Surya Narayan Singh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in user-facing applications, from providing medical consultations to job interview advice. Recent research suggests that these models are becoming increasingly proficient at inferring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Matthew Kearney , Reuben Binns , Yarin Gal