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Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian

With the exponential growth of video data, there is an urgent need for automated technology to analyze and comprehend video content. However, existing video understanding models are often task-specific and lack a comprehensive capability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Guo Chen , Yin-Dong Zheng , Jiahao Wang , Jilan Xu , Yifei Huang , Junting Pan , Yi Wang , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Tong Lu , Limin Wang

The advancement of large Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models has significantly improved robotic manipulation in terms of language-guided task execution and generalization to unseen scenarios. While existing VLAs adapted from pretrained…

In recent years, research in the area of human-robot interaction has focused on developing robots capable of understanding complex human instructions and performing tasks in dynamic and diverse environments. These systems have a wide range…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Simone Colombani , Dimitri Ognibene , Giuseppe Boccignone

Visual Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as pivotal tools for robotic systems, enabling cross-task generalization, dynamic environmental interaction, and long-horizon planning through multimodal perception and semantic reasoning. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Zhiyuan Zhang , Yuxin He , Yong Sun , Junyu Shi , Lijiang Liu , Qiang Nie

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in automating labor-intensive and complex activities, i.e., those consisting of multiple atomic tasks, by deploying robots in dynamic and unpredictable environments such as industrial and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Francesco Argenziano , Elena Umili , Francesco Leotta , Daniele Nardi

In recent years, instruction-tuned Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have been successful at several tasks, including image captioning and visual question answering; yet leveraging these models remains an open question for robotics. Prior LMMs…

Due to their ability of follow natural language instructions, vision-language-action (VLA) models are increasingly prevalent in the embodied AI arena, following the widespread success of their precursors -- LLMs and VLMs. In this paper, we…

The realization of intelligent robots, operating autonomously and interacting with other intelligent agents, human or artificial, requires the integration of environment perception, reasoning, and action. Classic Artificial Intelligence…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Kanisorn Sangchai , Methasit Boonpun , Withawin Kraipetchara , Paulo Garcia

We show that large language models (LLMs) can be adapted to be generalizable policies for embodied visual tasks. Our approach, called Large LAnguage model Reinforcement Learning Policy (LLaRP), adapts a pre-trained frozen LLM to take as…

Curriculum learning is a training mechanism in reinforcement learning (RL) that facilitates the achievement of complex policies by progressively increasing the task difficulty during training. However, designing effective curricula for a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Kanghyun Ryu , Qiayuan Liao , Zhongyu Li , Payam Delgosha , Koushil Sreenath , Negar Mehr

We investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to equip neural robotic agents with human-like social and cognitive competencies, for the purpose of open-ended human-robot conversation and collaboration. We introduce a modular and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Philipp Allgeuer , Hassan Ali , Stefan Wermter

The exponential growth of large language models (LLMs) has opened up numerous possibilities for multimodal AGI systems. However, the progress in vision and vision-language foundation models, which are also critical elements of multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Zhe Chen , Jiannan Wu , Wenhai Wang , Weijie Su , Guo Chen , Sen Xing , Muyan Zhong , Qinglong Zhang , Xizhou Zhu , Lewei Lu , Bin Li , Ping Luo , Tong Lu , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) enhance the capabilities of standard large language models by integrating and processing data from multiple modalities, including text, vision, audio, video, and 3D environments. Data plays a pivotal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Tianyi Bai , Hao Liang , Binwang Wan , Yanran Xu , Xi Li , Shiyu Li , Ling Yang , Bozhou Li , Yifan Wang , Bin Cui , Ping Huang , Jiulong Shan , Conghui He , Binhang Yuan , Wentao Zhang

Training generalist robot agents is an immensely difficult feat due to the requirement to perform a huge range of tasks in many different environments. We propose selectively training robots based on end-user preferences instead. Given a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Carl Winge , Adam Imdieke , Bahaa Aldeeb , Dongyeop Kang , Karthik Desingh

Visual reasoning is dominated by end-to-end neural networks scaled to billions of model parameters and training examples. However, even the largest models struggle with compositional reasoning, generalization, fine-grained spatial and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sergi Caelles , Michael Tschannen

Robotic assembly tasks remain an open challenge due to their long horizon nature and complex part relations. Behavior trees (BTs) are increasingly used in robot task planning for their modularity and flexibility, but creating them manually…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Jicong Ao , Fan Wu , Yansong Wu , Abdalla Swikir , Sami Haddadin

Understanding user instructions and object spatial relations in surrounding environments is crucial for intelligent robot systems to assist humans in various tasks. The natural language and spatial reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Wenxi Wu , Jingjing Zhang , Martim Brandão

Effective planning requires strong world models, but high-level world models that can understand and reason about actions with semantic and temporal abstraction remain largely underdeveloped. We introduce the Vision Language World Model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Delong Chen , Theo Moutakanni , Willy Chung , Yejin Bang , Ziwei Ji , Allen Bolourchi , Pascale Fung

Safety-critical task planning in robotic systems remains challenging: classical planners suffer from poor scalability, Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based methods generalize poorly, and base Large Language Models (LLMs) cannot guarantee…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jialiang Fan , Weizhe Xu , Mengyu Liu , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee , Fanxin Kong