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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) solve time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning a mesh-free, differentiable solution that can be evaluated anywhere in space and time. However, standard space--time PINNs take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen-Yang Dai , Che-Chia Chang , Te-Sheng Lin , Ming-Chih Lai , Chieh-Hsin Lai

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising way to compute the solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) using deep neural networks. However, despite their significant success in various fields, it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Seungchan Ko , Sang Hyeon Park

Since their advent nearly a decade ago, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been studied extensively as a novel technique for solving forward and inverse problems in physics and engineering. The neural network discretization of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Conor Rowan , Kai Hampleman , Kurt Maute , Alireza Doostan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are numerical solvers that embed all the physical information of a system into the loss function of a neural network. In this way the learned solution accounts for data (if available), the governing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Andrés Martínez-Esteban , Pablo Calvo-Barlés , Luis Martín-Moreno , Sergio G Rodrigo

Physics informed neural network (PINN) based solution methods for differential equations have recently shown success in a variety of scientific computing applications. Several authors have reported difficulties, however, when using PINNs to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Arnav Gangal , Luis Kim , Sean P. Carney

Recent research works for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated that spatiotemporal function approximators defined by auto-differentiation are effective for approximating nonlinear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Haoxiang Huang , Yingjie Liu , Vigor Yang

The numerical solution of differential equations using neural networks has become a central topic in scientific computing, with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) emerging as a powerful paradigm for both forward and inverse problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Kazuaki Tanaka , Kohei Yatabe

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are widely used to describe relevant phenomena in dynamical systems. In real-world applications, we commonly need to combine formal PDE models with (potentially noisy) observations. This is especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Monika Nagy-Huber , Volker Roth

The research in Artificial Intelligence methods with potential applications in science has become an essential task in the scientific community last years. Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) is one of this methods and represent a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Luis Medrano Navarro , Luis Martín Moreno , Sergio G Rodrigo

We present the partial evolutionary tensor neural networks (pETNNs), a novel framework for solving time-dependent partial differential equations with high accuracy and capable of handling high-dimensional problems. Our architecture…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Tunan Kao , He Zhang , Lei Zhang , Jin Zhao

Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are fundamental to model different phenomena in science and engineering mathematically. Solving them is a crucial step towards a precise knowledge of the behaviour of natural and engineered systems. In…

Physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have achieved notable success in solving partial differential equations (PDE), yet solving the Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) with complex boundary conditions remains a challenging task. In this paper,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Chuyu Zhou , ianyu Li , Chenxi Lan , Rongyu Du , Guoguo Xin , Pengyu Nan , Hangzhou Yang , Guoqing Wang , Xun Liu , Wei Li

In this work, we propose data-integrated neural networks (DataInNet) for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), offering a novel approach to leveraging data (e.g., source terms, initial conditions, and boundary conditions). The core…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Jiachun Zheng , Yunqing Huang , Nianyu Yi , Yunlei Yang

Ordinary and partial differential equations (ODEs/PDEs) play a paramount role in analyzing and simulating complex dynamic processes across all corners of science and engineering. In recent years machine learning tools are aspiring to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Sifan Wang , Paris Perdikaris

A physics informed neural network (PINN) incorporates the physics of a system by satisfying its boundary value problem through a neural network's loss function. The PINN approach has shown great success in approximating the map between the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-17 Revanth Mattey , Susanta Ghosh

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

Partial differential equations (PDEs) underpin models across science and engineering, yet analytical solutions are atypical and classical mesh-based solvers can be costly in high dimensions. This dissertation presents a unified comparison…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jiakang Chen

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [4, 10] are an approach for solving boundary value problems based on differential equations (PDEs). The key idea of PINNs is to use a neural network to approximate the solution to the PDE and to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Victorita Dolean , Alexander Heinlein , Siddhartha Mishra , Ben Moseley

In recent years, Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) have gained increasing popularity. Within such a paradigm, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are novel deep learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Pasquale Ambrosio , Salvatore Cuomo , Mariapia De Rosa

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) can be regarded as general-purpose PDE solvers, but it might be slow to train PINNs on particular problems, and there is no theoretical guarantee of corresponding error bounds. In this manuscript, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Jun Zhang , Wen Yao