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In Few-Shot Learning (FSL), traditional metric-based approaches often rely on global metrics to compute similarity. However, in natural scenes, the spatial arrangement of key instances is often inconsistent across images. This spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Hao Tang , Junhao Lu , Guoheng Huang , Ming Li , Xuhang Chen , Guo Zhong , Zhengguang Tan , Zinuo Li

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at vision-language tasks, the cost of their language-driven training on internal visual foundational competence remains unclear. In this paper, we conduct a detailed diagnostic analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Enguang Wang , Qiang Wang , Yuanchen Wu , Ke Yan , Xinbin Yuan , Shouhong Ding , Xialei Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng

The aim of few-shot learning (FSL) is to learn how to recognize image categories from a small number of training examples. A central challenge is that the available training examples are normally insufficient to determine which visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Kun Yan , Zied Bouraoui , Ping Wang , Shoaib Jameel , Steven Schockaert

Vision-language models (VLMs) trained on internet-scale data achieve remarkable zero-shot detection performance on common objects like car, truck, and pedestrian. However, state-of-the-art models still struggle to generalize to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Peter Robicheaux , Matvei Popov , Anish Madan , Isaac Robinson , Joseph Nelson , Deva Ramanan , Neehar Peri

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has fundamentally transformed natural language processing, making them indispensable across domains ranging from conversational systems to scientific exploration. However, their pre-trained…

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become essential for transfer learning across diverse tasks. However, adapting these models with limited few-shot data often leads to overfitting, diminishing their performance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yuncheng Guo , Xiaodong Gu

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as a key approach in achieving artificial general intelligence. In particular, vision-language MLLMs have been developed to generate not only text but also visual outputs from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Donghwan Chi , Hyomin Kim , Yoonjin Oh , Yongjin Kim , Donghoon Lee , Daejin Jo , Jongmin Kim , Junyeob Baek , Sungjin Ahn , Sungwoong Kim

The prevailing approach to aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) typically relies on human or AI feedback and assumes access to specific types of preference datasets. In our work, we question the efficacy of such datasets and explore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Hao Sun

In NLP, Zero-Shot Classification (ZSC) has become essential for enabling models to classify text into categories unseen during training, particularly in low-resource languages and domains where labeled data is scarce. While pretrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Cedric Lothritz , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable performance in computer vision tasks that require reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet their capabilities are limited to their pre-trained data, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mirco Bonomo , Simone Bianco

Instruction following vision-language (VL) models offer a flexible interface that supports a broad range of multimodal tasks in a zero-shot fashion. However, interfaces that operate on full images do not directly enable the user to "point…

Most of the recent few-shot learning (FSL) algorithms are based on transfer learning, where a model is pre-trained using a large amount of source data, and the pre-trained model is fine-tuned using a small amount of target data. In transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Yujin Kim , Jaehoon Oh , Sungnyun Kim , Se-Young Yun

Recommender systems utilizing explicit feedback have witnessed significant advancements and widespread applications over the past years. However, generating recommendations in few-shot scenarios remains a persistent challenge. Recently,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Zhoumeng Wang

Scientific names of organisms consist of a genus name and a species epithet, with the latter often reflecting aspects such as morphology, ecology, distribution, and cultural background. Traditionally, researchers have manually labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Keito Inoshita , Kota Nojiri , Haruto Sugeno , Takumi Taga

State-of-the-art Vision-Language Models (VLMs) ground the vision and the language modality primarily via projecting the vision tokens from the encoder to language-like tokens, which are directly fed to the Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Sivan Doveh , Shaked Perek , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Wei Lin , Amit Alfassy , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , Leonid Karlinsky

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) perform well in single-image visual grounding but struggle with real-world tasks that demand cross-image reasoning and multi-modal instructions. To address this, we adopt a reinforcement learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Bob Zhang , Haoran Li , Tao Zhang , Jianan Li , Cilin Yan , Xikai Liu , Jiayin Cai , Yanbin Hao

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) are expected to support multi-turn queries of interchanging image and text modalities in production. However, the current MLLMs trained with visual-question-answering (VQA) datasets could suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Shengzhi Li , Rongyu Lin , Shichao Pei

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) have demonstrated strong generalization capabilities across diverse distributions and tasks, largely due to extensive pre-training datasets. Fine-tuning MLLM has become a common practice to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Wenke Huang , Jian Liang , Zekun Shi , Didi Zhu , Guancheng Wan , He Li , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao , Mang Ye

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have experienced significant advancements in recent years. However, their performance still falls short in tasks requiring deep visual perception, such as identifying subtle differences between images. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Qingguo Hu , Ante Wang , Jia Song , Delai Qiu , Qingsong Liu , Jinsong Su

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in histopathology, such as CONCH and QuiltNet, have demonstrated impressive zero-shot classification capabilities across various tasks. However, their general-purpose design may lead to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jingna Qiu , Nishanth Jain , Jonas Ammeling , Marc Aubreville , Katharina Breininger
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