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We experimentally investigate the morphology and breakup of a droplet as it descends freely from a height and encounters an airstream. The size distributions of the child droplets are analysed using high-speed shadowgraphy and in-line…

Droplet impact in airflow environments is ubiquitous in nature and industry, making the understanding of this multiphase behavior crucial for technologies such as anti-icing and spray cooling. In this study, the dynamics of droplet impact…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-11 Yang Liu , Xuan Zhang , Yiqing Guo , Xiaomin Wu , Jingchun Min

A numerical model is proposed to simulate the adhesion, compression, and subsequent detachment of a micro-liter droplet from a superhydrophobic surface composed of chemically homogeneous pillars arranged in a periodic fashion, replicating a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-27 Pawan Kumar , Joseph D. Berry

Self-encapsulated droplets floating at an oil--air interface undergo striking shape changes during evaporation, including flattening and localized loss of membrane tension leading to crumpling and wrinkling. Here we combine experiments,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-11 D. Andrini , D. Riccobelli , L. Gazzera , S. Molteni , P. Metrangolo , P. Ciarletta

The internal flow within an evaporating sessile droplet is one of the driving mechanisms that lead to the variety of particle deposition patterns seen in applications such as inkjet printing, surface patterning, and blood stain analysis.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-29 Jiaqi Li , Jiarong Hong

A three-dimensional, volume-of-fluid (VOF) based CFD model is presented to investigate droplet formation in a microfluidic T-junction. Genesis of Newtonian droplets in non-Newtonian liquid is numerically studied and characterized in three…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-09 Somasekhara Goud Sontti , Arnab Atta

We present a model for computing the surface force density on a fluid ellipsoid in simple shear flow, which we derive by coupling existing models for the shape of a fluid droplet and the surface force density on a solid ellipsoid. The…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-10-13 E. P. Kightley , A. Pearson , J. A. Evans , D. M. Bortz

We propose an improved viscosity model accounting for experiments of emulsions of two immiscible liquids at arbitrary volume fractions and low shear rates. The model is based on a recursive-differential method formulated in terms of the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-04-01 Carlos I. Mendoza , I. Santamaria-Holek

Motivated by recent experiments, we consider theoretically the compression of droplets pinned at the bottom on a surface of finite area. We show that if the droplet is sufficiently compressed at the top by a surface, it will always develop…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-08-03 Gwynn J. Elfring , Eric Lauga

A surfactant-laden droplet of one fluid dispersed in another immiscible fluid serves as an artificial model system capable of mimicking microbial swimmers. Either an interfacial chemical reaction or the process of solubilization generates…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-08-22 Souradeep Roychowdhury , Rajarshi Chattopadhyay , Rahul Mangal , Dipin S. Pillai

The deformation of a viscous liquid droplet suspended in another liquid and subject to an applied electric field is a classic multiphase flow problem best described by the Melcher-Taylor leaky dielectric model. The main assumption of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-12-21 Debasish Das , David Saintillan

In this work, we propose and test the validity of a modified Phase Field Method (PFM), which was specifically developed for large scale simulations of turbulent flows with large and deformable surfactant-laden droplets. The time evolution…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Giovanni Soligo , Alessio Roccon , Alfredo Soldati

A model has been developed to describe the collision and possible coalescence of two driven deformable drops in the Hele-Shaw cell. The interdependence between hydrodynamic effects and interfacial deformations is characterised by a film…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-12-31 Derek Y. C. Chan , Evert Klaseboer , Rogerio Manica

In this work, we develop a novel model describing the equilibrium shape of sessile droplets on a wetted horizontal surface in a gravitational field. The model takes into account the intermolecular Lenard-Jones forces between solid and the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-29 Leonid Pekker

The effects of surfactant coating on a deformable viscous drop under the combined action of a shear flow and a uniform electric field, are investigated by solving the coupled equations of electrostatics, fluid flow and surfactant transport.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-30 Antarip Poddar , Shubhadeep Mandal , Aditya Bandopadhyay , Suman Chakraborty

We study the wetting of a thin elastic filament floating on a fluid surface by a droplet of another, immiscible fluid. This quasi-2D experimental system is the lower-dimensional counterpart of the wetting and wrapping of a droplet by an…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-11 S Ganga Prasath , Joel Marthelot , Narayanan Menon , Rama Govindarajan

Pendant droplets of water and paramagnetic solutions are studied in the presence of uniform and nonuniform magnetic fields produced by small permanent magnet arrays, both in static conditions and during dynamic pinch-off. Static…

Drop deformation in shear flow is determined up to second order theory in Ca while considering kinetic effects on surfactants distributions in steady state. Surfactants inside the drop are adsorbed faster than those on the surface leading…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-24 Paul Regazzi , Marc Leonetti

An evaporating droplet is a dynamic system in which flow is spontaneously generated to minimize the surface energy, dragging particles to the borders and ultimately resulting in the so-called "coffee-stain effect". The situation becomes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-11-24 Alvaro Marin , Robert Liepelt , Massimiliano Rossi , Christian J. Kähler

In this article, we have developed a computational model to determine the droplet formation regime and its transition in a square microfluidic flow-focusing device that eventually dictate the droplet shape, size, and its formation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-28 Somasekhara Goud Sontti , Arnab Atta
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