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Wireless foundation models promise transformative capabilities for channel state information (CSI) processing across diverse 6G network applications, yet face fundamental challenges due to the inherent dual heterogeneity of CSI across both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chenyu Zhang , Xinchen Lyu , Chenshan Ren , Shuhan Liu , Qimei Cui , Xiaofeng Tao

Optimally extracting the advantages available from reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in wireless communications systems requires estimation of the channels to and from the RIS. The process of determining these channels is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-04 A. Lee Swindlehurst , Gui Zhou , Rang Liu , Cunhua Pan , Ming Li

Wireless communication networks rely heavily on channel state information (CSI) to make informed decision for signal processing and network operations. However, the traditional CSI acquisition methods is facing many difficulties:…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-25 Jingchu Liu , Ruichen Deng , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Hybrid precoding is a key ingredient of cost-effective massive multiple-input multiple-output transceivers. However, setting jointly digital and analog precoders to optimally serve multiple users is a difficult optimization problem.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Nay Klaimi , Amira Bedoui , Clément Elvira , Philippe Mary , Luc Le Magoarou

The acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is essential in MIMO-OFDM communication systems. Data-aided enhanced receivers, by incorporating domain knowledge, effectively mitigate performance degradation caused by imperfect CSI,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xinjie Li , Jing Zhang , Xingyu Zhou , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

With the growing complexity and dynamics of the mobile communication networks, accurately predicting key system parameters, such as channel state information (CSI), user location, and network traffic, has become essential for a wide range…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yucheng Sheng , Jiacheng Wang , Xingyu Zhou , Le Liang , Hao Ye , Shi Jin , Geoffrey Ye Li

Large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) with high spectrum and energy efficiency is a very promising key technology for future 5G wireless communications. For large-scale MIMO systems, accurate channel state information (CSI)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Zhen Gao , Linglong Dai , Zhaocheng Wang

In wireless communication, accurate channel state information (CSI) is of pivotal importance. In practice, due to processing and feedback delays, estimated CSI can be outdated, which can severely deteriorate the performance of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-02 Muhammad Karam Shehzad , Luca Rose , Mohamad Assaad

Reconfigurable antennas that can dynamically change their operation state exhibit excellent adaptivity and flexibility over traditional antennas, and MIMO arrays that consist of multifunctional and reconfigurable antennas (MRAs) are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-07 Mu Liang , Ang Li

Channel state information (CSI) is of pivotal importance as it enables wireless systems to adapt transmission parameters more accurately, thus improving the system's overall performance. However, it becomes challenging to acquire accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-12 Muhammad Karam Shehzad , Luca Rose , Muhammad Furqan Azam , Mohamad Assaad

Channel state information (CSI) acquisition is a significant bottleneck in the design of Massive MIMO wireless systems, due to the length of the training sequences required to distinguish the antennas (in the downlink) and the users (for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Beatrice Tomasi , Alexis Decurninge , Maxime Guillaud

Channel state information (CSI) is critical for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Pilot-based channel estimation methods suffer from high pilot overhead and low channel acquisition…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Hongning Ruan , Zhaoyang Zhang , Zirui Chen , Ziqing Xing , Zhaohui Yang

Channel foundation models assume access to fully observed channels, an assumption that fails in deployment. We introduce PilotWiMAE, a self-supervised framework whose encoder ingests noisy pilot observations directly and whose attention…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Berkay Guler , Giovanni Geraci , Hamid Jafarkhani

How to reduce the pilot overhead required for channel estimation? How to deal with the channel dynamic changes and error propagation in channel prediction? To jointly address these two critical issues in next-generation transceiver design,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Zirui Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Zhaohui Yang , Chongwen Huang , Merouane Debbah

Non-fixed flexible antenna architectures, such as fluid antenna system (FAS), movable antenna (MA), and pinching antenna, have garnered significant interest in recent years. Among them, rotatable antenna (RA) is a promising antenna…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Xue Xiong , Beixiong Zheng , Wen Wu , Xiaodan Shao , Liang Dai , Ming-Min Zhao , Jie Tang

Distributed massive MIMO is considered a key advancement for improving the performance of next-generation wireless telecommunication systems. However, its efficacy in scenarios involving user mobility is limited due to channel aging. To…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Phillip Stephan , Florian Euchner , Stephan ten Brink

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) enjoys great advantage in 5G wireless communication systems owing to its spectrum and energy efficiency. However, hundreds of antennas require large volumes of pilot overhead to guarantee…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 An Chen , Wenbo Xu , Liyang Lu , Yue Wang

Receivers with joint channel estimation and signal detection using superimposed pilots (SP) can achieve high transmission efficiency in orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) systems. However, existing receivers have high computational…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Fupeng Huang , Qinghua Guo , Youwen Zhang , Yuriy Zakharov

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) with low hardware cost and energy consumption has been recognized as a potential technique for future 6G communications to enhance coverage and capacity. To achieve this goal, accurate channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Xiuhong Wei , Decai Shen , Linglong Dai

Accurate channel estimation with low pilot overhead and computational complexity is key to efficiently utilizing multi-antenna wireless systems. Motivated by the evolution from purely statistical descriptions toward physics- and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Syed Luqman Shah , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Italo Atzeni