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Large language models (LLMs) can generate executable code from natural language descriptions, but the resulting programs frequently contain bugs due to hallucinations. In the absence of formal specifications, existing approaches attempt to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yihan Dai , Sijie Liang , Haotian Xu , Peichu Xie , Sergey Mechtaev

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been hindered by their tendency to hallucinate, generating plausible but factually incorrect information. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems attempt to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Selva Taş , Mahmut El Huseyni , Özay Ezerceli , Reyhan Bayraktar , Fatma Betül Terzioğlu

Despite the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in medicine, they may generate responses lacking supporting evidence or based on hallucinated evidence. While Retrieval Augment Generation (RAG) is popular to address this issue, few…

Reliably determining the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems depends on comprehensive test questions. While a proliferation of evaluation frameworks for LLM-powered applications exists, current practices lack a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Noah Broestl , Adel Nasser Abdalla , Rajprakash Bale , Hersh Gupta , Max Struever

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the reliability of large language models (LLMs) by addressing issues like hallucinations, outdated knowledge, and domain adaptation. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Weihang Su , Yichen Tang , Qingyao Ai , Junxi Yan , Changyue Wang , Hongning Wang , Ziyi Ye , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Hallucination, the generation of factually incorrect information, remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), especially in open-domain long-form generation. Existing approaches for detecting hallucination in long-form…

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has made significant strides in overcoming key limitations of large language models, such as hallucination, lack of contextual grounding, and issues with transparency. However, traditional RAG systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yash Saxena , Manas Gaur

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval -- commonly referred to as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) -- have demonstrated strong performance in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, RAG pipelines often fail when retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shiyin Lin

Embodied agents must explore partially observed environments while maintaining reliable long-horizon memory. Existing graph-based navigation systems improve scalability, but they often treat unexplored regions as semantically unknown,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Peixin Chen , Guoxi Zhang , Jianwei Ma , Qing Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) aims to reduce hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge. However, RAG introduces a critical challenge: hallucination on hallucination," where flawed retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zequn Xie , Zhengyang Sun

Large language models achieve impressive results but distinguishing factual reasoning from hallucinations remains challenging. We propose a spectral analysis framework that models transformer layers as dynamic graphs induced by attention,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Valentin Noël

Although Large Language Models have demonstrated powerful capabilities in a wide range of tasks such as language understanding and code generation, the frequent occurrence of hallucinations during the generation process has become a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 JinXin Li , Gang Tu , JunJie Hu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks enable large language models (LLMs) to retrieve relevant information from a knowledge base and incorporate it into the context for generating responses. This mitigates hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pouria Rouzrokh , Shahriar Faghani , Cooper U. Gamble , Moein Shariatnia , Bradley J. Erickson

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising approach for mitigating the hallucination of large language models (LLMs). However, existing research lacks rigorous evaluation of the impact of retrieval-augmented generation on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Jiawei Chen , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising solution to address hallucination issues in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the integration of multiple retrieval sources, while potentially more informative, introduces…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Wenlong Wu , Haofen Wang , Bohan Li , Peixuan Huang , Xinzhe Zhao , Lei Liang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems can effectively mitigate the hallucination problem of large language models (LLMs),but they also possess inherent vulnerabilities. Identifying these weaknesses before the large-scale real-world…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hongru Song , Yu-an Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various natural language processing tasks, yet they remain prone to generating factually incorrect outputs known as hallucinations. While recent approaches have shown promise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Qiyao Sun , Xingming Li , Xixiang He , Ao Cheng , Xuanyu Ji , Hailun Lu , Runke Huang , Qingyong Hu

Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) has become a common approach for multi-hop reasoning by using knowledge graphs (KGs) as structured retrieval indexes. However, most existing GraphRAG methods implicitly assume that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yizhuo Ma , Jinchuan Xu , Tao Wen , Qizhi Chen , Jiakai Li , Rongzheng Wang , Muquan Li , Shuang Liang , Ke Qin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a popular solution to mitigate the hallucination issues of large language models. However, existing studies on RAG seldom address the issue of predictive uncertainty, i.e., how likely it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Lu Chen , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Xueqi Cheng

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a significant challenge, generating misleading or unverifiable content that undermines trust and reliability. Existing evaluation methods, such as KnowHalu, employ multi-stage verification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Chenggong Zhang , Haopeng Wang , Hexi Meng