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While large language models (LLMs) with Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning excel in mathematics and coding, their potential for systematic reasoning in chemistry, a domain demanding rigorous structural analysis for real-world tasks like drug…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Hao Li , He Cao , Bin Feng , Yanjun Shao , Xiangru Tang , Zhiyuan Yan , Li Yuan , Yonghong Tian , Yu Li

Large multimodal language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4V and GPT-4o have achieved remarkable advancements in understanding and generating multimodal content, showcasing superior quality and capabilities across diverse tasks. However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xuelu Feng , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Mei Gao , Mengchen Liu , Junsong Yuan , Chunming Qiao

Large language models (LLMs) have obtained promising results in mathematical reasoning, which is a foundational skill for human intelligence. Most previous studies focus on improving and measuring the performance of LLMs based on textual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Wentao Liu , Qianjun Pan , Yi Zhang , Zhuo Liu , Ji Wu , Jie Zhou , Aimin Zhou , Qin Chen , Bo Jiang , Liang He

Purpose: We present an updated study evaluating the performance of large language models (LLMs) in answering radiation oncology physics questions, focusing on the recently released models. Methods: A set of 100 multiple-choice radiation…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Peilong Wang , Jason Holmes , Zhengliang Liu , Dequan Chen , Tianming Liu , Jiajian Shen , Wei Liu

There is a growing interest in applying large language models (LLMs) in robotic tasks, due to their remarkable reasoning ability and extensive knowledge learned from vast training corpora. Grounding LLMs in the physical world remains an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Wenqiang Lai , Yuan Gao , Tin Lun Lam

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a broad range of vision tasks. However, constrained by the capacity of their internal world knowledge, prior work has proposed augmenting MLLMs by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenxuan Huang , Yu Zeng , Qiuchen Wang , Zhen Fang , Shaosheng Cao , Zheng Chu , Qingyu Yin , Shuang Chen , Zhenfei Yin , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Shaohui Lin , Philip Torr , Feng Zhao , Wanli Ouyang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are democratizing access to personalized tutoring; however, their effectiveness is hindered by challenges in processing multimodal content, which limits AI's potential to provide equitable, high-quality STEM…

The rapid advancement of large reasoning models has saturated existing math benchmarks, underscoring the urgent need for more challenging evaluation frameworks. To address this, we introduce OlymMATH, a rigorously curated, Olympiad-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haoxiang Sun , Yingqian Min , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Recent developments in multimodal methodologies have marked the beginning of an exciting era for models adept at processing diverse data types, encompassing text, audio, and visual content. Models like GPT-4V, which merge computer vision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Ning Shi , Bradley Hauer , Zijun Wu , Grzegorz Kondrak , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Laks V. S. Lakshmanan

Physics problem-solving is a challenging domain for AI models, requiring integration of conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and interpretation of physical diagrams. Existing evaluations fail to capture the full breadth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Lintao Wang , Encheng Su , Jiaqi Liu , Pengze Li , Jiabei Xiao , Wenlong Zhang , Xinnan Dai , Xi Chen , Yuan Meng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Aoran Wang , Xinzhu Ma

In the past year, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in tasks such as visual question answering, visual understanding and reasoning. However, the extensive model size and high training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yizhang Jin , Jian Li , Yexin Liu , Tianjun Gu , Kai Wu , Zhengkai Jiang , Muyang He , Bo Zhao , Xin Tan , Zhenye Gan , Yabiao Wang , Chengjie Wang , Lizhuang Ma

The rapid advancement of Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs) has enabled their application in scientific problem-solving, yet their fine-grained capabilities remain under-explored. In this paper, we introduce SciVerse, a multi-modal scientific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Ziyu Guo , Ray Zhang , Hao Chen , Jialin Gao , Dongzhi Jiang , Jiaze Wang , Pheng-Ann Heng

There is a growing interest in the role that LLMs play in chemistry which lead to an increased focus on the development of LLMs benchmarks tailored to chemical domains to assess the performance of LLMs across a spectrum of chemical tasks…

Multilingual capability is an essential aspect for large multimodal models, since they are usually deployed across various countries and languages. However, most existing benchmarks for multilingual multimodal reasoning struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Hongyu Wang , Jiayu Xu , Senwei Xie , Ruiping Wang , Jialin Li , Zhaojie Xie , Bin Zhang , Chuyan Xiong , Xilin Chen

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) represented by GPT-4V has been a new rising research hotspot, which uses powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) as a brain to perform multimodal tasks. The surprising emergent capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Public leaderboards increasingly suggest that large language models (LLMs) surpass human experts on benchmarks spanning academic knowledge, law, and programming. Yet most benchmarks are fully public, their questions widely mirrored across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eshwar Reddy M , Sourav Karmakar

Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various VQA tasks. However, they often lack interpretability and struggle with complex visual inputs, especially when the resolution of the input image is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hao Shao , Shengju Qian , Han Xiao , Guanglu Song , Zhuofan Zong , Letian Wang , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Despite strong performance on vision-language tasks, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) struggle with mathematical problem-solving, with both open-source and state-of-the-art models falling short of human performance on visual-math…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 William Rudman , Michal Golovanevsky , Amir Bar , Vedant Palit , Yann LeCun , Carsten Eickhoff , Ritambhara Singh

Robot vision has greatly benefited from advancements in multimodal fusion techniques and vision-language models (VLMs). We adopt a task-oriented perspective to systematically review the applications and advancements of multimodal fusion…