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Large Language Models (LLMs) are proficient at generating coherent and contextually relevant text but face challenges when addressing knowledge-intensive queries in domain-specific and factual question-answering tasks. Retrieval-augmented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Garima Agrawal , Tharindu Kumarage , Zeyad Alghamdi , Huan Liu

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with the factual error during inference due to the lack of sufficient training data and the most updated knowledge, leading to the hallucination problem. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zulun Zhu , Tiancheng Huang , Kai Wang , Junda Ye , Xinghe Chen , Siqiang Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) may suffer from hallucinations in real-world applications due to the lack of relevant knowledge. In contrast, knowledge graphs encompass extensive, multi-relational structures that store a vast array of symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Jie Ma , Zhitao Gao , Qi Chai , Wangchun Sun , Pinghui Wang , Hongbin Pei , Jing Tao , Lingyun Song , Jun Liu , Chen Zhang , Lizhen Cui

Recently, Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have been successfully coupled with Large Language Models (LLMs) to mitigate their hallucinations and enhance their reasoning capability, such as in KG-based retrieval-augmented frameworks. However, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Bo Ni , Yu Wang , Lu Cheng , Erik Blasch , Tyler Derr

LLM agents excel when environments are mostly static and the needed information fits in a model's context window, but they often fail in open-ended investigations where explanations must be constructed by iteratively mining evidence from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Saurabh Jha , Rohan Arora , Bhavya , Noah Zheutlin , Paulina Toro Isaza , Laura Shwartz , Yu Deng , Daby Sow , Ruchi Mahindru , Ruchir Puri

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) based on information retrieval aims to answer a question by retrieving answer from a large-scale knowledge graph. Most existing methods first roughly retrieve the knowledge subgraphs (KSG) that may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Hanning Gao , Lingfei Wu , Po Hu , Zhihua Wei , Fangli Xu , Bo Long

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has significantly mitigated the hallucinations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by grounding the generation with external knowledge. Recent extensions of RAG to graph-based retrieval offer a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jialin Chen , Houyu Zhang , Seongjun Yun , Alejandro Mottini , Rex Ying , Xiang Song , Vassilis N. Ioannidis , Zheng Li , Qingjun Cui

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities on complex tasks, but they still suffer from out-of-date knowledge, hallucinations, and opaque decision-making. In contrast, Knowledge Graphs (KGs) can provide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Liyi Chen , Panrong Tong , Zhongming Jin , Ying Sun , Jieping Ye , Hui Xiong

Long-context capabilities are essential for large language models (LLMs) to tackle complex and long-input tasks. Despite numerous efforts made to optimize LLMs for long contexts, challenges persist in robustly processing long inputs. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Shilong Li , Yancheng He , Hangyu Guo , Xingyuan Bu , Ge Bai , Jie Liu , Jiaheng Liu , Xingwei Qu , Yangguang Li , Wanli Ouyang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Large language model (LLM) has achieved outstanding performance on various downstream tasks with its powerful natural language understanding and zero-shot capability, but LLM still suffers from knowledge limitation. Especially in scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Tiezheng Guo , Qingwen Yang , Chen Wang , Yanyi Liu , Pan Li , Jiawei Tang , Dapeng Li , Yingyou Wen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across a wide range of tasks; however, they still encounter challenges in reasoning tasks that require understanding and inferring relationships between distinct pieces of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Haoyu Han , Yaochen Xie , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Sreyashi Nag , William Headden , Hui Liu , Yang Li , Chen Luo , Shuiwang Ji , Qi He , Jiliang Tang

As the field of Large Language Models (LLMs) evolves at an accelerated pace, the critical need to assess and monitor their performance emerges. We introduce a benchmarking framework focused on knowledge graph engineering (KGE) accompanied…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Lars-Peter Meyer , Johannes Frey , Kurt Junghanns , Felix Brei , Kirill Bulert , Sabine Gründer-Fahrer , Michael Martin

Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs (KGs) combines the factual grounding of KG-based QA with the interactive nature of dialogue systems. KGs are widely used in enterprise and domain applications to provide structured,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Reham Omar , Abdelghny Orogat , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Omij Mangukiya , Panos Kalnis , Essam Mansour

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning but remain limited by static and incomplete parametric knowledge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this by incorporating external knowledge, yet existing RAGs struggle…

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are inherently incomplete because of incomplete world knowledge and bias in what is the input to the KG. Additionally, world knowledge constantly expands and evolves, making existing facts deprecated or introducing…

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled workflows that generate SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) from natural-language specifications, with the potential to accelerate Formal Verification (FV). However, high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vaisakh Naduvodi Viswambharan , Keerthan Kopparam Radhakrishna , Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to impressive progress in natural language generation, yet their tendency to produce hallucinated or unsubstantiated content remains a critical concern. To improve factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xukai Liu , Ye Liu , Shiwen Wu , Yanghai Zhang , Yihao Yuan , Kai Zhang , Qi Liu

Integrating structured knowledge from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a key challenge for symbolic reasoning. Existing methods mainly rely on prompt engineering or fine-tuning, which lose structural fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erica Coppolillo

Answering complex questions often requires reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs). State-of-the-art methods often utilize entities in questions to retrieve local subgraphs, which are then fed into KG encoder, e.g. graph neural networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Shiyang Li , Yifan Gao , Haoming Jiang , Qingyu Yin , Zheng Li , Xifeng Yan , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin

LLM post-training has primarily relied on large text corpora and human feedback, without capturing the structure of domain knowledge. This has caused models to struggle dealing with complex reasoning tasks, especially for high-stakes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Dezhao Song , Guglielmo Bonifazi , Frank Schilder , Jonathan Richard Schwarz