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Software systems often leverage on open source software libraries to reuse functionalities. Such libraries are readily available through software package managers like npm for JavaScript. Due to the huge amount of packages available in such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Ahmed Zerouali , Tom Mens , Gregorio Robles , Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona

The widespread dependency on open-source software makes it a fruitful target for malicious actors, as demonstrated by recurring attacks. The complexity of today's open-source supply chains results in a significant attack surface, giving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Piergiorgio Ladisa , Henrik Plate , Matias Martinez , Olivier Barais

Trivial packages, small modules with low functionality, are common in the npm ecosystem and can pose security risks despite their simplicity. This paper refines existing definitions and introduce data-only packages that contain no…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Napasorn Tevarut , Brittany Reid , Yutaro Kashiwa , Pattara Leelaprute , Arnon Rungsawang , Bundit Manaskasemsak , Hajimu Iida

Dependency cycles pose a significant challenge to software quality and maintainability. However, there is limited understanding of how practitioners resolve dependency cycles in real-world scenarios. This paper presents an empirical study…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Qiong Feng , Shuwen Liu , Huan Ji , Xiaotian Ma , Peng Liang

Modern software systems are expected to be secure and contain all the latest features, even when new versions of software are released multiple times an hour. Each system may include many interacting packages. The problem of installing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Ran Ben Basat , Maayan Goldstein , Itai Segall

Software Bills of Materials (SBOMs) are essential to ensure the transparency and integrity of the software supply chain. There is a growing body of work that investigates the accuracy of SBOM generation tools and the challenges for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yogya Gamage , Nadia Gonzalez Fernandez , Martin Monperrus , Benoit Baudry

The open source development model has become a paradigm shift from traditional in-house/closed-source software development model, with many successes. Traditionally, open source projects were characterized essentially by their individual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Qingye Jiang , Young Choon Lee , Joseph G. Davis , Ablert Y. Zomaya

Component-based systems often describe context requirements in terms of explicit inter-component dependencies. Studying large instances of such systems?such as free and open source software (FOSS) distributions?in terms of declared…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2009-05-27 Pietro Abate , Jaap Boender , Roberto Di Cosmo , Stefano Zacchiroli

As a mixed result of intensive dependency on third-party libraries, flexible mechanism to declare dependencies, and increased number of modules in a project, multiple versions of the same third-party library are directly depended in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Kaifeng Huang , Bihuan Chen , Bowen Shi , Ying Wang , Congying Xu , Xin Peng

Software security mainly studies vulnerability detection: is my code vulnerable today? This hinders risk estimation, so new approaches are emerging to forecast the occurrence of future vulnerabilities. While useful, these approaches are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Carlos E. Budde , Ranindya Paramitha , Fabio Massacci

Existing innovation metrics inadequately capture software innovation, creating blind spots for researchers and policymakers seeking to understand and foster technological innovation in an increasingly software-defined economy. This paper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Eva Maxfield Brown , Cailean Osborne , Peter Cihon , Moritz Böhmecke-Schwafert , Kevin Xu , Mirko Boehm , Knut Blind

Dependency solving is a hard (NP-complete) problem in all non-trivial component models due to either mutually incompatible versions of the same packages or explicitly declared package conflicts. As such, software upgrade planning needs to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Pietro Abate , Roberto Di Cosmo , Georgios Gousios , Stefano Zacchiroli

Context: Downloading the source code of open-source Java projects and building them on a local computer using Maven, Gradle, or Ant is a common activity performed by researchers and practitioners. Multiple studies so far found that about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Matúš Sulír , Jaroslav Porubän , Sergej Chodarev

There is an increasing trend to mine vulnerabilities from software repositories and use machine learning techniques to automatically detect software vulnerabilities. A fundamental but unresolved research question is: how do different…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Esma Mouine , Yan Liu , Lu Xiao , Rick Kazman , Xiao Wang

Automatically generating test cases for software has been an active research topic for many years. While current tools can generate powerful regression or crash-reproducing test cases, these are often kept separately from the maintained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Carolin Brandt , Andy Zaidman

Currently, little is known about the structure of the Cargo ecosystem and the potential for vulnerability propagation. Many empirical studies generalize third-party dependency governance strategies from a single software ecosystem to other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Peiyang Jia , Chengwei Liu , Hongyu Sun , Chengyi Sun , Mianxue Gu , Yang Liu , Yuqing Zhang

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) as coding agents promises to accelerate software development, but their impact on generated code reproducibility remains largely unexplored. This paper presents an empirical study investigating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bhanu Prakash Vangala , Ali Adibifar , Ashish Gehani , Tanu Malik

The popularity of Python has risen rapidly over the past 15 years. It is a major language in some of the most exciting technologies today. This popularity has led to a large ecosystem of third-party packages available via the pip package…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Aadesh Bagmar , Josiah Wedgwood , Dave Levin , Jim Purtilo

Open-source software (OSS) has become increasingly more popular across different domains. However, this rapid development and widespread adoption come with a security cost. The growing complexity and openness of OSS ecosystems have led to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Seyed Ali Akhavani , Behzad Ousat , Amin Kharraz

High performance computing (HPC) software ecosystems are inherently heterogeneous, comprising scientific applications that depend on hundreds of external packages, each with distinct build systems, options, and dependency constraints. Tools…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Caetano Melone , Daniel Nichols , Konstantinos Parasyris , Todd Gamblin , Harshitha Menon