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This work revisits the ChaLearn First Impressions database, annotated for personality perception using pairwise comparisons via crowdsourcing. We analyse for the first time the original pairwise annotations, and reveal existing person…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Julio C. S. Jacques Junior , Agata Lapedriza , Cristina Palmero , Xavier Baró , Sergio Escalera

High-quality data is necessary for modern machine learning. However, the acquisition of such data is difficult due to noisy and ambiguous annotations of humans. The aggregation of such annotations to determine the label of an image leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Lars Schmarje , Vasco Grossmann , Claudius Zelenka , Sabine Dippel , Rainer Kiko , Mariusz Oszust , Matti Pastell , Jenny Stracke , Anna Valros , Nina Volkmann , Reinhard Koch

With the proliferation of its applications in various industries, sentiment analysis by using publicly available web data has become an active research area in text classification during these years. It is argued by researchers that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-08-06 Jimmy SJ. Ren , Wei Wang , Jiawei Wang , Stephen Shaoyi Liao

Many computer scientists use the aggregated answers of online workers to represent ground truth. Prior work has shown that aggregation methods such as majority voting are effective for measuring relatively objective features. For subjective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Jiele Wu , Chau-Wai Wong , Xinyan Zhao , Xianpeng Liu

In supervised learning, low quality annotations lead to poorly performing classification and detection models, while also rendering evaluation unreliable. This is particularly apparent on temporal data, where annotation quality is affected…

Social media platforms provide users the freedom of expression and a medium to exchange information and express diverse opinions. Unfortunately, this has also resulted in the growth of abusive content with the purpose of discriminating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Sohail Akhtar , Valerio Basile , Viviana Patti

State-of-the-art question answering (QA) relies upon large amounts of training data for which labeling is time consuming and thus expensive. For this reason, customizing QA systems is challenging. As a remedy, we propose a novel framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Bernhard Kratzwald , Stefan Feuerriegel , Huan Sun

Cognitive psychologists have documented that humans use cognitive heuristics, or mental shortcuts, to make quick decisions while expending less effort. While performing annotation work on crowdsourcing platforms, we hypothesize that such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Chaitanya Malaviya , Sudeep Bhatia , Mark Yatskar

Media bias and its extreme form, fake news, can decisively affect public opinion. Especially when reporting on policy issues, slanted news coverage may strongly influence societal decisions, e.g., in democratic elections. Our paper makes…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Felix Hamborg , Kim Heinser , Anastasia Zhukova , Karsten Donnay , Bela Gipp

Subjective assessment tests are often employed to evaluate image processing systems, notably image and video compression, super-resolution among others and have been used as an indisputable way to provide evidence of the performance of an…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Shima Mohammadi , Joao Ascenso

Researchers have proposed the use of generative large language models (LLMs) to label data for research and applied settings. This literature emphasizes the improved performance of these models relative to other natural language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Megan A. Brown , Shubham Atreja , Libby Hemphill , Patrick Y. Wu

Our interpretation of value concepts is shaped by our sociocultural background and lived experiences, and is thus subjective. Recognizing individual value interpretations is important for developing AI systems that can align with diverse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Adina Nicola Dobrinoiu , Ana Cristiana Marcu , Amir Homayounirad , Luciano Cavalcante Siebert , Enrico Liscio

High-quality data annotation is an essential but laborious and costly aspect of developing machine learning-based software. We explore the inherent tradeoff between annotation accuracy and cost by detecting and removing minority reports --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Hsuan Wei Liao , Christopher Klugmann , Daniel Kondermann , Rafid Mahmood

The prevailing approach for training and evaluating paraphrase identification models is constructed as a binary classification problem: the model is given a pair of sentences, and is judged by how accurately it classifies pairs as either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Hannah Chen , Yangfeng Ji , David Evans

Large language models are often ranked according to their level of alignment with human preferences -- a model is better than other models if its outputs are more frequently preferred by humans. One of the popular ways to elicit human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Ivi Chatzi , Eleni Straitouri , Suhas Thejaswi , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Task-oriented conversational datasets often lack topic variability and linguistic diversity. However, with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) pretrained on extensive, multilingual and diverse text data, these limitations seem…

The rise of online platforms exacerbated the spread of hate speech, demanding scalable and effective detection. However, the accuracy of hate speech detection systems heavily relies on human-labeled data, which is inherently susceptible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Tommaso Giorgi , Lorenzo Cima , Tiziano Fagni , Marco Avvenuti , Stefano Cresci

We present BiasLab, a dataset of 300 political news articles annotated for perceived ideological bias. These articles were selected from a curated 900-document pool covering diverse political events and source biases. Each article is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Kma Solaiman

Semantic similarity between two sentences depends on the aspects considered between those sentences. To study this phenomenon, Deshpande et al. (2023) proposed the Conditional Semantic Textual Similarity (C-STS) task and annotated a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Gaifan Zhang , Yi Zhou , Danushka Bollegala

Data annotation, the practice of assigning descriptive labels to raw data, is pivotal in optimizing the performance of machine learning models. However, it is a resource-intensive process susceptible to biases introduced by annotators. The…