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Related papers: PentestEval: Benchmarking LLM-based Penetration Te…

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Despite impressive results on curated benchmarks, the practical impact of large language models (LLMs) on research-level neural theorem proving and proof autoformalization is still limited. We introduce RLMEval, an evaluation suite for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Auguste Poiroux , Antoine Bosselut , Viktor Kunčak

Automated malware classification has achieved strong detection performance. Yet, malware behavior auditing seeks causal and verifiable explanations of malicious activities -- essential not only to reveal what malware does but also to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Xinran Zheng , Xingzhi Qian , Yiling He , Shuo Yang , Lorenzo Cavallaro

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their coding capabilities. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focused on simplified or isolated aspects of coding, such as single-file code generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Bowen Li , Wenhan Wu , Ziwei Tang , Lin Shi , John Yang , Jinyang Li , Shunyu Yao , Chen Qian , Binyuan Hui , Qicheng Zhang , Zhiyin Yu , He Du , Ping Yang , Dahua Lin , Chao Peng , Kai Chen

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in programming, giving rise to "vibe coding", where users can build complete projects and even control computers using natural language instructions. This paradigm…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Fanheng Kong , Jingyuan Zhang , Yang Yue , Chenxi Sun , Yang Tian , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yu Tian , Jun Du , Wenchong Zeng , Han Li , Kun Gai

Penetration testing (pentesting) involves performing a controlled attack on a computer system in order to assess it's security. Although an effective method for testing security, pentesting requires highly skilled practitioners and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Jonathon Schwartz , Hanna Kurniawati

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have driven interest in automating cybersecurity penetration testing workflows, offering the promise of faster and more consistent vulnerability assessment for enterprise systems. Existing LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Katsuaki Nakano , Reza Fayyazi , Shanchieh Jay Yang , Michael Zuzak

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yupeng Huo , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yiju Guo , Shenzhi Yang , Wenkai Yang , Shuqi Ye , Jingwen Chen , Haotian Chen , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited great performance in autonomously calling various tools in external environments, leading to better problem solving and task automation capabilities. However, these external tools also amplify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hongfei Xia , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Qian Yu , Yuhang Guo , Haifeng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, including software development, education, and technical assistance. Among these, software development is one of the key areas where LLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Inpyo Song , Eunji Jeon , Jangwon Lee

The rapid deployment of Large language model (LLM) agents in critical domains like healthcare and finance necessitates robust security frameworks. To address the absence of standardized evaluation benchmarks for these agents in dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Yuchuan Fu , Xiaohan Yuan , Dongxia Wang

A recent area of increasing research is the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in penetration testing, which promises to reduce costs and thus allow for higher frequency. We conduct a review of related work, identifying best practices and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Julius Henke

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into practical hardware and firmware development pipelines for code generation. Existing studies have primarily focused on evaluating the functional correctness of LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qirui Chen , Jingxian Shuai , Shuangwu Chen , Shenghao Ye , Zijian Wen , Xufei Su , Jie Jin , Jiangming Li , Jun Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang

Automated penetration testing (AutoPT) powered by large language models (LLMs) has gained attention for its ability to automate ethical hacking processes and identify vulnerabilities in target systems by leveraging the inherent knowledge of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Hanzheng Dai , Yuanliang Li , Jun Yan , Zhibo Zhang

Understanding how and why large language models (LLMs) fail is becoming a central challenge as models rapidly evolve and static evaluations fall behind. While automated probing has been enabled by dynamic test generation, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yue Huang , Zhengzhe Jiang , Yuchen Ma , Yu Jiang , Xiangqi Wang , Yujun Zhou , Yuexing Hao , Kehan Guo , Pin-Yu Chen , Stefan Feuerriegel , Xiangliang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly entering specialized, safety-critical engineering workflows governed by strict quantitative standards and immutable physical laws, making rigorous evaluation of their reasoning capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ayesha Gull , Muhammad Usman Safder , Rania Elbadry , Fan Zhang , Veselin Stoyanov , Preslav Nakov , Zhuohan Xie

This paper presents a critical examination of the surprising efficacy of Large Language Models (LLMs) in penetration testing. The paper thoroughly reviews the evolution of LLMs and their rapidly expanding capabilities which render them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

By integrating tools from external APIs, Large Language Models (LLMs) have expanded their promising capabilities in a diverse spectrum of complex real-world tasks. However, testing, evaluation, and analysis of LLM tool use remain in their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuheng Huang , Jiayang Song , Da Song , Zhenlan Ji , Wenhan Wang , Shuai Wang , Lei Ma

Recently, LLM agents have made rapid progress in improving their programming capabilities. However, existing benchmarks lack the ability to automatically evaluate from users' perspective, and also lack the explainability of the results of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaiyuan Liu , Youcheng Pan , Yang Xiang , Daojing He , Jing Li , Yexing Du , Tianrun Gao

Analyzing Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) from large volumes of data is critical for drafting and publishing comprehensive CTI reports. This process usually follows a three-stage workflow -- triage, deep search and TI drafting. While Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiangsen Chen , Xuan Feng , Shuo Chen , Matthieu Maitre , Sudipto Rakshit , Diana Duvieilh , Ashley Picone , Nan Tang

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in medicine is crucial because medical applications require high accuracy with little room for error. Current medical benchmarks have three main types: medical exam-based, comprehensive medical, and…