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This paper is concerned with the problem of coordinating a set of distributed energy resources (DERs) in a lossy power distribution system to provide frequency regulation services to a bulk power grid with the explicit consideration of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Hanchen Xu , Alejandro D. Domínguez-García , Peter W. Sauer

To stabilize the frequency of the renewable energy sources (RESs) dominated power system, frequency supports are required by RESs through virtual inertia emulation or droop control in the newly published grid codes. Since the long-term RES…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-14 Yukang Shen , Wenchuan Wu , Shumin Sun , Bin Wang

The increasing penetration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (NS-RES) alters the dynamic characteristic, and consequently, the frequency behaviour of a power system. To accurately identify these changing trends and address them in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Shariq Riaz , Gregor Verbic , Archie Chapman , David J. Hill

Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) can provide ancillary services to the power network by aiding existing frequency control mechanisms. TCLs are, however, characterized by an intrinsic limit cycle behavior which raises the risk that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Andreas Kasis , Ioannis Lestas

The power distribution system is evolving in the form of an intelligent grid. The proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs) makes the previously passive system active and more complicated. With the adoption of de-carbonization…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-27 Santosh Sharma

Currently, system operators implement demand response by dispatching controllable loads for economic reasons in day-ahead scheduling. Particularly, demand shifting from peak hours when the cost of electricity is higher to non-peak hours to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Arun Venkatesh Ramesh , Xingpeng Li

Due to increasing shares of renewable energy sources, more frequency reserves are required to maintain power system stability. In this paper, we present a decentralized control scheme that allows a large aggregation of refrigerators to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-05 Evangelos Vrettos , Charalampos Ziras , Göran Andersson

The AC frequency in electrical power systems is conventionally regulated by synchronous machines. The gradual replacement of these machines by asynchronous renewable-based generation, which provides little or no frequency control, increases…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-13 Richard Pates , Enrique Mallada

Under frequency load shedding (UFLS) constitutes the very last resort for preventing total blackouts and cascading events. Fluctuating operating conditions and weak resilience of the future grid require UFLS strategies adapt to various…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Qianni Cao , Chen Shen

With the increasing popularity of Internet-based services and applications, power efficiency is becoming a major concern for data center operators, as high electricity consumption not only increases greenhouse gas emissions, but also…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Dmytro Dyachuk , Michele Mazzucco

With the decrease in system inertia, frequency security becomes an issue for power systems around the world. Energy storage systems (ESS), due to their excellent ramping capabilities, are considered as a natural choice for the improvement…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-27 Yan Jiang , Eliza Cohn , Petr Vorobev , Enrique Mallada

The absolute requirement to increase the amount of energy generation from renewable sources e.g. predominantly asynchronously connected wind turbines and photovoltaic installations, may in practice during transient events (where frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-14 Marios Zarifakis , William T. Coffey , Yuri P. Kalmykov , Serguey V. Titov , Declan J. Byrne , Stephen J. Carrig

Modern power systems with high share of renewable generation are at the risk of rapid changes in frequency and inertia resulting from contingencies. The importance of an accurate assessment of system and load relief, as well as frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-05 Julius Susanto , Alireza Fereidouni , Dean Sharafi

Data center operators are typically faced with three significant problems when running their data centers, i.e., rising electricity bills, growing carbon footprints and unexpected power outages. To mitigate these issues, running data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-02 Liang Yu , Tao Jiang , Yulong Zou

This paper considers demand side management in smart power grid systems containing significant numbers of thermostatically controlled loads such as air conditioning systems, heat pumps, etc. Recent studies have shown that the overall power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-02-14 Jan Bendtsen , Srinivas Sridharan

Wireless networks employing small cells like femtocells are considered to be the choice of network deployment for 4G or advanced networks. This hierarchical deployment of cells introduces the necessity of effective frequency planning for…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Md. Tashikur Rahman , Md. Didarul Alam , Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury

In low-carbon grids, system flexibility can be enhanced through mechanisms such as Demand Response (DR), enabling the efficient utilization of renewable energy. However, as Synchronous Generators (SGs) are being replaced by renewable energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Peng Wang , Zhengmao Li , Luis Badesa

Data centers handle impressive high figures in terms of energy consumption, and the growing popularity of Cloud applications is intensifying their computational demand. Moreover, the cooling needed to keep the servers within reliable…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Patricia Arroba , José L. Risco-Martín , José M. Moya , José L. Ayala

High penetration of renewable energy sources intensifies frequency fluctuations in multi-area power systems, challenging both stability and operational safety. This paper proposes a novel distributed frequency control method that ensures…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Xiemin Mo , Tao Liu

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven data centers is reshaping electricity demand patterns. This is achieved by introducing fast, multi-gigawatt load ramps that challenge the stability and resilience of modern power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Sharaf K. Magableh , Caisheng Wang , Oraib Dawaghreh