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In recent years, high performance scientific computing on graphics processing units (GPUs) have gained widespread acceptance. These devices are designed to offer massively parallel threads for running code with general purpose. There are…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Tao Cui , Xiaohu Guo , Hui Liu

There is an increasing need to bring machine learning to a wide diversity of hardware devices. Current frameworks rely on vendor-specific operator libraries and optimize for a narrow range of server-class GPUs. Deploying workloads to new…

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) accelerators are a promising solution for accelerating Machine Learning (ML) workloads, as they perform Matrix-Vector Multiplications (MVMs) on crossbar arrays directly in memory. Although the bit widths of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rebecca Pelke , Joel Klein , Jose Cubero-Cascante , Nils Bosbach , Jan Moritz Joseph , Rainer Leupers

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become a dominant architecture for scaling large language models (LLMs). However, the execution characteristics of MoE inference are changing rapidly and increasingly mismatch the assumptions underlying existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jungwoo Kim , Rubens Lacouture , Genghan Zhang , Gina Sohn , Qizheng Zhang , Swapnil Gandhi , Christos Kozyrakis , Kunle Olukotun

In this article, a new generic higher-order finite-element framework for massively parallel simulations is presented. The modular software architecture is carefully designed to exploit the resources of modern and future supercomputers.…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Nils Kohl , Dominik Thönnes , Daniel Drzisga , Dominik Bartuschat , Ulrich Rüde

Edge computing must be capable of executing computationally intensive algorithms, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) while operating within a constrained computational resource budget. Such computations involve Matrix Vector…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Arani Roy , Kaushik Roy

Existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have achieved significant success on vision transformers (ViTs) adaptation by improving parameter efficiency. However, the exploration of enhancing inference efficiency during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Wangbo Zhao , Jiasheng Tang , Yizeng Han , Yibing Song , Kai Wang , Gao Huang , Fan Wang , Yang You

The rapid expansion of global cloud wide-area networks (WANs) has posed a challenge for commercial optimization engines to efficiently solve network traffic engineering (TE) problems at scale. Existing acceleration strategies decompose TE…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zhiying Xu , Francis Y. Yan , Rachee Singh , Justin T. Chiu , Alexander M. Rush , Minlan Yu

General matrix multiplication (GEMM) is a ubiquitous computing kernel/algorithm for data processing in diverse applications, including artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL). Recent shift towards edge computing has inspired…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Harideep Nair , Prabhu Vellaisamy , Albert Chen , Joseph Finn , Anna Li , Manav Trivedi , John Paul Shen

The performance of graph programs depends highly on the algorithm, the size and structure of the input graphs, as well as the features of the underlying hardware. No single set of optimizations or one hardware platform works well across all…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Ajay Brahmakshatriya , Yunming Zhang , Changwan Hong , Shoaib Kamil , Julian Shun , Saman Amarasinghe

General matrix multiplication (GEMM) operations are the fundamental building blocks of computational domains including artificial intelligence (AI). As GPU architectures evolve and high-performance AI becomes increasingly important,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Harisankar Sadasivan , Muhammed Emin Ozturk , Muhammad Osama , Chris Millette , Astha Rai , Maksim Podkorytov , John Afaganis , Carlus Huang , Jing Zhang , Jun Liu

Matrix libraries often focus on achieving high performance for problems considered to be either "small" or "large", as these two scenarios tend to respond best to different optimization strategies. We propose a unified technique for…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-02-20 RuQing G. Xu , Field G. Van Zee , Robert A. van de Geijn

Optimal deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs) on state-of-the-art Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) is crucial for tiny machine learning (TinyML) at the edge. The complexity of these SoCs makes deployment non-trivial, as they typically contain…

Matrix extensions have emerged as an essential feature in modern CPUs to address the surging demands of AI workloads. However, existing designs often incur substantial hardware and software design overhead. Tight coupling with the CPU…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jinpeng Ye , Chongxi Wang , Wenqing Li , Bin Yuan , Shiyi Wang , Fenglu Zhang , Junyu Yue , Jianan Xie , Yunhao Ye , Haoyu Deng , Yingkun Zhou , Xin Cheng , Fuxin Zhang , Jian Wang

General Matrix Multiplication (GEMM) is a ubiquitous compute kernel in deep learning (DL). To support energy-efficient edge-native processing, new GEMM hardware units have been proposed that operate on unary encoded bitstreams using much…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Prabhu Vellaisamy , Harideep Nair , Joseph Finn , Manav Trivedi , Albert Chen , Anna Li , Tsung-Han Lin , Perry Wang , Shawn Blanton , John Paul Shen

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have established new performance benchmarks in vision tasks such as image recognition and object detection. However, these advancements come with significant demands for memory and computational resources,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Cong Wang , Zexin Fu , Jiayi Huang , Shanshi Huang

GEneral Matrix Multiply (GEMM) is a central operation in deep learning and corresponds to the largest chunk of the compute footprint. Therefore, improving its efficiency is an active topic of ongoing research. A popular strategy is the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Zhanpeng Zeng , Karthikeyan Sankaralingam , Vikas Singh

Processing in-memory (PIM) is promising to accelerate neural networks (NNs) because it minimizes data movement and provides large computational parallelism. Similar to machine learning accelerators, application mapping, which determines the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xuan Wang , Minxuan Zhou , Tajana Rosing

DNNs are widely used but face significant computational costs due to matrix multiplications, especially from data movement between the memory and processing units. One promising approach is therefore Processing-in-Memory as it greatly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Lorenzo Sonnino , Shaswot Shresthamali , Yuan He , Masaaki Kondo

Weight-only quantization has been widely explored in large language models (LLMs) to reduce memory storage and data loading overhead. During deployment on single-instruction-multiple-threads (SIMT) architectures, weights are stored in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Ruokai Yin , Yuhang Li , Priyadarshini Panda