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Seismic Newtonian noise is predicted to limit the sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope. It can be reduced with coherent noise cancellation techniques using data from seismometers. To achieve the best results, it is important to place the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-15 Francesca Badaracco , Jan Harms , Luca Rei

Newtonian noise from seismic fields is predicted to become a sensitivity limiting noise contribution of the gravitational-wave detectors Advanced LIGO and Virgo in the next few years. It also plays a major role in the planning of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-04 F. Badaracco J. Harms

The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a proposed third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) underground observatory. It will have greatly increased sensitivity compared to current GW detectors, and it is designed to extend the observation band down…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-28 Jan Harms , Luca Naticchioni , Enrico Calloni , Rosario De Rosa , Fulvio Ricci , Domenico D'Urso

A seismic array has been deployed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in the former Homestake mine, South Dakota, to study the underground seismic environment. This includes exploring the advantages of constructing a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Michael Coughlin , Jan Harms , Nelson Christensen , Vladimir Dergachev , Riccardo DeSalvo , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Vuk Mandic

Terrestrial gravity fluctuations produce so-called Newtonian noise (NN) which is expected to limit the low frequency sensitivity of existing gravitational-waves (GW) detectors LIGO and Virgo, when they will reach their full potential, and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-19 M. C. Tringali , T. Bulik , J. Harms , I. Fiori , F. Paoletti , N. Singh , B. Idzkowski , A. Kutynia , K. Nikliborc , M. Suchinski , A. Bertolini , S. Koley

Newtonian gravitational noise from seismic fields is predicted to be a limiting noise source at low frequency for second generation gravitational-wave detectors. Mitigation of this noise will be achieved by Wiener filtering using arrays of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-22 Michael Coughlin , Nikhil Mukund , Jan Harms , Jenne Driggers , Rana Adhikari , Sanjit Mitra

The Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third-generation underground gravitational-wave observatory designed to extend the detection sensitivity down to a few Hertz. Newtonian noise is expected to limit the low-frequency sensitivity of ET,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Patrick Schillings , Shi Yao , Johannes Erdmann , Andreas Rietbrock

Newtonian noise in gravitational wave detectors originates from density fluctuations in the adjacency of the interferometer mirrors. At the Einstein Telescope, this noise source is expected to be dominant for low frequencies. Its impact is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-17 Patrick Schillings , Johannes Erdmann

The cancellation of noise from terrestrial gravity fluctuations, also known as Newtonian noise (NN), in gravitational-wave detectors is a formidable challenge. Gravity fluctuations result from density perturbations associated with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-04 F Badaracco , J Harms , A Bertolini , T Bulik , I Fiori , B Idzkowski , A Kutynia , K Nikliborc , F Paoletti , A Paoli , L Rei , M Suchinski

The sensitivity and the frequency bandwidth of third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are such that the Newtonian noise (NN) signals produced by atmospheric turbulence could become relevant. We build models for atmospheric NN…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-10-05 Davide Brundu , Mariano Cadoni , Mauro Oi , Piero Olla , Andrea Pierfrancesco Sanna

Fluctuations in the local Newtonian gravitational field present a limit to high precision measurements, including searches for gravitational waves using laser interferometers. In this work, we present a model of this perturbing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-21 Jennifer C. Driggers , Jan Harms , Rana X. Adhikari

Newtonian noise limits the low-frequency sensitivity of ground-based gravitational wave detectors. While seismometers and geophones are commonly employed to monitor ground motion for Newtonian noise cancellation, their limited spatial…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-21 Reinhardt Rading , Fracensca Badaracco , Spiridon Beis , Katharina Sophie Isleif , Paul Ophardt , Wanda Vossius , the WAVE Collaboration

The Einstein Telescope is a third-generation underground gravitational wave observatory designed to achieve unprecedented sensitivity down to 3 Hz. Waves propagating in the soil due to anthropogenic or natural vibration sources generate…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Pieter Reumers , Xhorxha Kuci , Stijn François , Geert Degrande

Sensor fusion is a technique used to combine sensors with different noise characteristics into a super sensor that has superior noise performance. To achieve sensor fusion, complementary filters are used in current gravitational-wave…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-07 T. T. L. Tsang , T. G. F. Li , T. Dehaeze , C. Collette

We propose a new detection strategy for gravitational waves (GWs) below few Hertz based on a correlated array of atom interferometers (AIs). Our proposal allows to reduce the Newtonian Noise (NN) which limits all ground based GW detectors…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 W. Chaibi , R. Geiger , B. Canuel , A. Bertoldi , A. Landragin , P. Bouyer

As new techniques exploiting the Earth's ambient seismic noise field are developed and applied, such as for the observation of temporal changes in seismic velocity structure, it is crucial to quantify the precision with which wave-type…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-28 M. Coughlin , J. Harms , D. C. Bowden , P. Meyers , V. C. Tsai , V. Mandic , G. Pavlis , T. Prestegard

A system was recently implemented in the Virgo detector to cancel noise in its data produced by seismic waves directly coupling with the suspended test masses through gravitational interaction. The data from seismometers are being filtered…

The sensitivity of an atom gradiometer aiming to detect gravitational waves (GW) is impacted by fluctuations of Earth's gravity field also called Newtonian Noise (NN). Sensor arrays have proved to be a promising technique for NN reduction.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-04 Q. Cojean Palassoé , A. Bertoldi , A. Landragin , B. Canuel

The next generation of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE), present a unique opportunity to put constraints on dense matter, among many other groundbreaking scientific goals. In a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-18 Francesco Iacovelli , Michele Mancarella , Chiranjib Mondal , Anna Puecher , Tim Dietrich , Francesca Gulminelli , Michele Maggiore , Micaela Oertel

Seismic noise poses challenges for gravitational wave detection. Effective vibration isolation and methods to subtract unsheildable Newtonian Noise are examples. Seismic arrays offer one way to deal with these issues assuming seismic…

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