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This paper presents a method for control synthesis under spatio-temporal constraints. First, we consider the problem of reaching a set $S$ in a user-defined or prescribed time $T$. We define a new class of control Lyapunov functions, called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Kunal Garg , Dimitra Panagou

We present a framework to interpret signal temporal logic (STL) formulas over discrete-time stochastic processes in terms of the induced risk. Each realization of a stochastic process either satisfies or violates an STL formula. In fact, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-08 Lars Lindemann , Nikolai Matni , George J. Pappas

In real-time and safety-critical cyber-physical systems (CPSs), control synthesis must guarantee that generated policies meet stringent timing and correctness requirements under uncertain and dynamic conditions. Signal temporal logic (STL)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Xiaochen Tang , Zhenya Zhang , Miaomiao Zhang , Jie An

The control synthesis of a dynamic system subject to a signal temporal logic (STL) specification is commonly formulated as a mixed-integer linear/convex programming (MILP/MICP) problem. Solving such a problem is computationally expensive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Zengjie Zhang , Sofie Haesaert

Much of the recent work developing formal methods techniques to specify or learn the behavior of autonomous systems is predicated on a belief that formal specifications are interpretable and useful for humans when checking systems. Though…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Ho Chit Siu , Kevin Leahy , Makai Mann

Natural language is an intuitive way for humans to communicate tasks to a robot. While natural language (NL) is ambiguous, real world tasks and their safety requirements need to be communicated unambiguously. Signal Temporal Logic (STL) is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Sara Mohammadinejad , Jesse Thomason , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Techniques for runtime verification often utilise specification languages that are (i) reasonably expressive, and (ii) relatively abstract (i.e. they operate on a level of abstraction that separates them from the system being monitored).…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Joshua Heneage Dawes , Giles Reger

In this paper, we study Stochastic Control Barrier Functions (SCBFs) to enable the design of probabilistic safe real-time controllers in presence of uncertainties and based on noisy measurements. Our goal is to design controllers that bound…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Shakiba Yaghoubi , Georgios Fainekos , Tomoya Yamaguchi , Danil Prokhorov , Bardh Hoxha

In this paper, we propose a novel Control Barrier Function (CBF) based controller for nonlinear systems with complex, time-varying input constraints. To deal with these constraints, we introduce an auxiliary control input to transform the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Yaosheng Deng , Yang Bai , Yujie Wang , Masaki Ogura , Mir Feroskhan

Using reinforcement learning to learn control policies is a challenge when the task is complex with potentially long horizons. Ensuring adequate but safe exploration is also crucial for controlling physical systems. In this paper, we use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Xiao Li , Calin Belta

Control systems that satisfy temporal logic specifications have become increasingly popular due to their applicability to robotic systems. Existing control methods, however, are computationally demanding, especially when the problem size…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Lars Lindemann , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper presents a safe controller synthesis of discrete-time stochastic systems using Control Barrier Functions (CBFs). The proposed condition allows the design of a safe controller synthesis that ensures system safety while avoiding…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-17 Sotaro Fushimi , Kenta Hoshino , Yuki Nishimura

In this paper we present a grammar and control synthesis framework for online modification of Event-based Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications, during execution. These modifications allow a user to change the robots' task in response…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-03 David Gundana , Hadas Kress-Gazit

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as an efficient method of choice for solving complex sequential decision making problems in automatic control, computer science, economics, and biology. In this paper we present a model-free RL…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Mohammadhosein Hasanbeig , Yiannis Kantaros , Alessandro Abate , Daniel Kroening , George J. Pappas , Insup Lee

In this paper, we investigate the problem of synthesizing controllers for temporal logic specifications under security constraint. We assume that there exists a passive intruder (eavesdropper) that can partially observe the behavior of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Yu Chen , Shuo Yang , Rahul Mangharam , Xiang Yin

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) provide a powerful framework for ensuring safety in dynamical systems. However, their application typically relies on full state information, which is often violated in real-world due to the availability of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Vaishnavi Jagabathula , Ahan Basu , Pushpak Jagtap

Temporal logics (TLs) have been widely used to formalize interpretable tasks for cyber-physical systems. Time Window Temporal Logic (TWTL) has been recently proposed as a specification language for dynamical systems. In particular, it can…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Ahmad Ahmad , Cristian-Ioan Vasile , Roberto Tron , Calin Belta

Robotics foundation models have demonstrated strong capabilities in executing natural language instructions across diverse tasks and environments. However, they remain largely data-driven and lack formal guarantees on safety and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Sadık Bera Yüksel , Derya Aksaray

Motion planning with simple objectives, such as collision-avoidance and goal-reaching, can be solved efficiently using modern planners. However, the complexity of the allowed tasks for these planners is limited. On the other hand, signal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Wenliang Liu , Nathalie Majcherczyk , Federico Pecora

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) offers verifiable task specifications and is crucial for safety-critical control. Yet STL planning remains challenging: exact optimization-based methods are often too slow, and learning-based methods struggle to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Bowen Ye , Ancheng Hou , Junyue Huang , Ruijia Liu , Xiang Yin