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To dynamically traverse challenging terrain, legged robots need to continually perceive and reason about upcoming features, adjust the locations and timings of future footfalls and leverage momentum strategically. We present a pipeline that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Oliwier Melon , Romeo Orsolino , David Surovik , Mathieu Geisert , Ioannis Havoutis , Maurice Fallon

Quadrupedal locomotion over complex terrain has been a long-standing research topic in robotics. While recent reinforcement learning-based locomotion methods improve generalizability and foot-placement precision, they rely on implicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Matthew Hwang , Yubin Liu , Ryo Hakoda , Takeshi Oishi

Legged robots can traverse a wide variety of terrains, some of which may be challenging for wheeled robots, such as stairs or highly uneven surfaces. However, quadruped robots face stability challenges on slippery surfaces. This can be…

Compact quadrupedal robots are proving increasingly suitable for deployment in real-world scenarios. Their smaller size fosters easy integration into human environments. Nevertheless, real-time locomotion on uneven terrains remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Davide Plozza , Patricia Apostol , Paul Joseph , Simon Schläpfer , Michele Magno

We focus on agile, continuous, and terrain-adaptive jumping of quadrupedal robots in discontinuous terrains such as stairs and stepping stones. Unlike single-step jumping, continuous jumping requires accurately executing highly dynamic…

Quadrupedal robots resemble the physical ability of legged animals to walk through unstructured terrains. However, designing a controller for quadrupedal robots poses a significant challenge due to their functional complexity and requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-06 I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Byeongho Yu , Hyun Myung

Running up stairs is effortless for humans but remains extremely challenging for humanoid robots due to the simultaneous requirements of high agility and strict stability. Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) can generate dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yan Liu , Tao Yu , Haolin Song , Hongbo Zhu , Nianzong Hu , Yuzhi Hao , Xiuyong Yao , Xizhe Zang , Hua Chen , Jie Zhao

Quadrupedal mobile robots can traverse a wider range of terrain types than their wheeled counterparts but do not perform the same on all terrain types. These robots are prone to undesirable behaviours like sinking and slipping on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Sophie Villemure , Jefferson Silveira , Joshua A. Marshall

Bipedal locomotion is a key challenge in robotics, particularly for robots like Bolt, which have a point-foot design. This study explores the control of such underactuated robots using constrained reinforcement learning, addressing their…

Sparse anchors provide a compact interface for human motion authoring: users specify a few root positions, planar trajectory samples, or body-point targets, while the system synthesizes the full-body motion that completes the…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Pengcheng Fang , Tengjiao Sun , Dongjie Fu , Xiaoyu Zhan , Yanwen Guo , Hansung Kim , Xiaohao Cai

(Simplified Abstract) To accomplish breakthroughs in dynamic whole-body locomotion, legged robots have to be terrain aware. Terrain-Aware Locomotion (TAL) implies that the robot can perceive the terrain with its sensors, and can take…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Shamel Fahmi

Achieving safe quadrupedal locomotion in real-world environments has attracted much attention in recent years. When walking over uneven terrain, achieving reliable estimation and realising safety-critical control based on the obtained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Peiyu Yang , Jiatao Ding , Wei Pan , Claudio Semini , Cosimo Della Santina

We consider the case in which a robot has to navigate in an unknown environment but does not have enough on-board power or payload to carry a traditional depth sensor (e.g., a 3D lidar) and thus can only acquire a few (point-wise) depth…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-10-17 Fangchang Ma , Luca Carlone , Ulas Ayaz , Sertac Karaman

Legged robots must exhibit robust and agile locomotion across diverse, unstructured terrains, a challenge exacerbated under blind locomotion settings where terrain information is unavailable. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Matheus P. Angarola , Francisco Affonso , Marcelo Becker

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great potential in enabling quadruped robots to perform agile locomotion. However, directly training policies to simultaneously handle dual extreme challenges, i.e., extreme underactuation and extreme…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Ziang Zheng , Guojian Zhan , Shiqi Liu , Yao Lyu , Tao Zhang , Shengbo Eben Li

In this paper, with a view toward fast deployment of locomotion gaits in low-cost hardware, we use a linear policy for realizing end-foot trajectories in the quadruped robot, Stoch $2$. In particular, the parameters of the end-foot…

To traverse complex scenarios reliably a legged robot needs to move its base aided by the ground reaction forces, which can only be generated by the legs that are momentarily in contact with the ground. A proper selection of footholds is…

Enabling robots to walk and run on yielding terrain is increasingly vital to endeavors ranging from disaster response to extraterrestrial exploration. While dynamic legged locomotion on rigid ground is challenging enough, yielding terrain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Daniel J. Lynch , Kevin M. Lynch , Paul B. Umbanhowar

Most locomotion methods for humanoid robots focus on leg-based gaits, yet natural bipeds frequently rely on hands, knees, and elbows to establish additional contacts for stability and support in complex environments. This paper introduces…

Standing-up control is crucial for humanoid robots, with the potential for integration into current locomotion and loco-manipulation systems, such as fall recovery. Existing approaches are either limited to simulations that overlook…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Tao Huang , Junli Ren , Huayi Wang , Zirui Wang , Qingwei Ben , Muning Wen , Xiao Chen , Jianan Li , Jiangmiao Pang