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Diffusion models have advanced rapidly in recent years, producing high-fidelity images while raising concerns about intellectual property protection and the misuse of generative AI. Image watermarking for diffusion models, particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jindong Yang , Han Fang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

In fragile watermarking, a sensitive watermark is embedded in an object in a manner such that the watermark breaks upon tampering. This fragile process can be used to ensure the integrity and source of watermarked objects. While fragile…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Preston K. Robinette , Dung T. Nguyen , Samuel Sasaki , Taylor T. Johnson

Current image watermarking technologies are predominantly categorized into text watermarking techniques and image steganography; however, few methods can simultaneously handle text and image-based watermark data, which limits their…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-06-03 ZhongLi Fang , Yu Xie , Ping Chen

A novel video watermarking system operating in the three dimensional wavelet transform is here presented. Specifically the video sequence is partitioned into spatio temporal units and the single shots are projected onto the 3D wavelet…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2009-11-03 A. Essaouabi , F. Regragui , E. Ibnelhaj

Notwithstanding offering convenience and entertainment to society, Deepfake face swapping has caused critical privacy issues with the rapid development of deep generative models. Due to imperceptible artifacts in high-quality synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Tianyi Wang , Mengxiao Huang , Harry Cheng , Bin Ma , Yinglong Wang

The intellectual property (IP) of Deep neural networks (DNNs) can be easily ``stolen'' by surrogate model attack. There has been significant progress in solutions to protect the IP of DNN models in classification tasks. However, little…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Jie Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Jing Liao , Han Fang , Zehua Ma , Weiming Zhang , Gang Hua , Nenghai Yu

While existing audio watermarking techniques have achieved strong robustness against traditional digital signal processing (DSP) attacks, they remain vulnerable to neural resynthesis. This occurs because modern neural audio codecs act as…

As an efficient watermark attack method, geometric distortions destroy the synchronization between watermark encoder and decoder. And the local geometric distortion is a famous challenge in the watermark field. Although a lot of geometric…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zehua Ma , Weiming Zhang , Han Fang , Xiaoyi Dong , Linfeng Geng , Nenghai Yu

Malicious Deepfakes have led to a sharp conflict over distinguishing between genuine and forged faces. Although many countermeasures have been developed to detect Deepfakes ex-post, undoubtedly, passive forensics has not considered any…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Xiaoshuai Wu , Xin Liao , Bo Ou

Constructing and curating high-quality code datasets requires significant resources, making them valuable intellectual property. Unfortunately, these datasets currently face severe risks of unauthorized use. Although digital watermarking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Haocheng Huang , Yuchen Chen , Weisong Sun , Peizhuo Lv , Yuan Xiao , Chunrong Fang , Yang Liu , Xiaofang Zhang

Capacity, Robustness, & Perceptual quality of watermark data are very important issues to be considered. A lot of research is going on to increase these parameters for watermarking of the digital images, as there is always a tradeoff among…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2010-04-27 Er. Deepak Aggarwal , Er. Sandeep Kaur , Er. Anantdeep

Modern video codecs and learning-based approaches struggle for semantic reconstruction at extremely low bit-rates due to reliance on low-level spatiotemporal redundancies. Generative models, especially diffusion models, offer a new paradigm…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Maojun Zhang , Haotian Wu , Richeng Jin , Deniz Gunduz , Krystian Mikolajczyk

Diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated advantageous potential on generative tasks. Widespread interest exists in incorporating DMs into downstream applications, such as producing or editing photorealistic images. However, practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yunqing Zhao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Xiao Yang , Ngai-Man Cheung , Min Lin

The recent progress in generative models has revolutionized the synthesis of highly realistic images, including face images. This technological development has undoubtedly helped face recognition, such as training data augmentation for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yuguang Yao , Steven Grosz , Sijia Liu , Anil Jain

We propose a novel multi-bit box-free watermarking method for the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) of GANs with improved robustness against white-box attacks like fine-tuning, pruning, quantization, and surrogate model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jianwei Fei , Zhihua Xia , Benedetta Tondi , Mauro Barni

Image generative models have become increasingly popular, but training them requires large datasets that are costly to collect and curate. To circumvent these costs, some parties may exploit existing models by using the generated images as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Michel Meintz , Jan Dubiński , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

In the audio modality, state-of-the-art watermarking methods leverage deep neural networks to allow the embedding of human-imperceptible signatures in generated audio. The ideal is to embed signatures that can be detected with high accuracy…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Patrick O'Reilly , Zeyu Jin , Jiaqi Su , Bryan Pardo

Motivated by the problem of detecting AI-generated text, we consider the problem of watermarking the output of language models with provable guarantees. We aim for watermarks which satisfy: (a) undetectability, a cryptographic notion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Noah Golowich , Ankur Moitra

Watermarking technology is a method used to trace the usage of content generated by large language models. Sentence-level watermarking aids in preserving the semantic integrity within individual sentences while maintaining greater…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Junyan Zhang , Shuliang Liu , Aiwei Liu , Yubo Gao , Jungang Li , Xiaojie Gu , Xuming Hu

Due to costly efforts during data acquisition and model training, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) belong to the intellectual property of the model creator. Hence, unauthorized use, theft, or modification may lead to legal repercussions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Torsten Krauß , Jasper Stang , Alexandra Dmitrienko