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Rehabilitation technology is a natural setting to study the shared learning and decision-making of human and machine agents. In this work, we explore the use of Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) to develop adaptive control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sonny T. Jones , Grange M. Simpson , Patrick M. Pilarski , Ashley N. Dalrymple

Offline Goal-Conditioned RL (GCRL) offers a feasible paradigm for learning general-purpose policies from diverse and multi-task offline datasets. Despite notable recent progress, the predominant offline GCRL methods, mainly model-free, face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Mianchu Wang , Rui Yang , Xi Chen , Hao Sun , Meng Fang , Giovanni Montana

In goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL), sparse rewards present significant challenges, often obstructing efficient learning. Although multi-step GCRL can boost this efficiency, it can also lead to off-policy biases in target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Lisheng Wu , Ke Chen

Inferring an adversary's goals from exhibited behavior is crucial for counterplanning and non-cooperative multi-agent systems in domains like cybersecurity, military, and strategy games. Deep Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Paul Ghanem , Owen Howell , Michael Potter , Pau Closas , Alireza Ramezani , Deniz Erdogmus , Tales Imbiriba

Recent advancements in reinforcement learning have made significant impacts across various domains, yet they often struggle in complex multi-agent environments due to issues like algorithm instability, low sampling efficiency, and the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Cheng Xu , Changtian Zhang , Yuchen Shi , Ran Wang , Shihong Duan , Yadong Wan , Xiaotong Zhang

While combining imitation learning (IL) and reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising way to address poor sample efficiency in autonomous behavior acquisition, methods that do so typically assume that the requisite behavior demonstrations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Caroline Wang , Garrett Warnell , Peter Stone

Open-ended learning benefits immensely from the use of symbolic methods for goal representation as they offer ways to structure knowledge for efficient and transferable learning. However, the existing Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Mehdi Zadem , Sergio Mover , Sao Mai Nguyen

Sequential Resource Allocation with situational constraints presents a significant challenge in real-world applications, where resource demands and priorities are context-dependent. This paper introduces a novel framework, SCRL, to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Libo Zhang , Yang Chen , Toru Takisaka , Kaiqi Zhao , Weidong Li , Jiamou Liu

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) often requires a large number of data and environment interactions, making the training process time-consuming. This challenge is further exacerbated in the case of batch RL, where the agent is trained…

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) decomposes the policy into a manager and a worker, enabling long-horizon planning but introducing a performance gap on tasks requiring agility. We identify a root cause: in subgoal-based HRL, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Shashank Sharma , Janina Hoffmann , Vinay Namboodiri

Reinforcement learning algorithms based on Q-learning are driving Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) research towards solving complex problems and achieving super-human performance on many of them. Nevertheless, Q-Learning is known to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Andrea Cini , Carlo D'Eramo , Jan Peters , Cesare Alippi

Large language model (LLM) reinforcement learning (RL) pipelines are often bottlenecked by rollout generation, making end-to-end training slow. Recent work mitigates this by running rollouts with quantization to accelerate decoding, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Hao Gu , Hao Wang , Jiacheng Liu , Lujun Li , Qiyuan Zhu , Bei Liu , Binxing Xu , Lei Wang , Xintong Yang , Sida Lin , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

As a branch of quantum machine learning, quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) aims to solve complex sequential decision-making problems more efficiently and effectively than its classical counterpart by exploiting quantum resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jing-Ci Yue , Jun-Hong An

We study a class of reinforcement learning problems where the reward signals for policy learning are generated by an internal reward model that is dependent on and jointly optimized with the policy. This interdependence between the policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Mengdi Li , Xufeng Zhao , Jae Hee Lee , Cornelius Weber , Stefan Wermter

Curriculum learning has demonstrated substantial effectiveness in robot learning. However, it still faces limitations when scaling to complex, wide-ranging task spaces. Such task spaces often lack a well-defined difficulty structure, making…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ziming Li , Chenhao Li , Marco Hutter

Identifying optimal join orders (JOs) stands out as a key challenge in database research and engineering. Owing to the large search space, established classical methods rely on approximations and heuristics. Recent efforts have successfully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Maja Franz , Tobias Winker , Sven Groppe , Wolfgang Mauerer

At the boundary between the known and the unknown, an agent inevitably confronts the dilemma of whether to explore or to exploit. Epistemic uncertainty reflects such boundaries, representing systematic uncertainty due to limited knowledge.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jianfei Ma , Wee Sun Lee

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a general framework concerned with an agent that seeks to maximize rewards in an environment. The learning typically happens through trial and error using explorative methods, such as epsilon-greedy. There are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to infer rewards from observed behavior, but rewards are not identified from the policy alone: many reward--value pairs can rationalize the same actions. Meaningful reward recovery therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Lars van der Laan , Nathan Kallus , Aurelien Bibaut

We study constrained reinforcement learning (CRL) from a novel perspective by setting constraints directly on state density functions, rather than the value functions considered by previous works. State density has a clear physical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Zengyi Qin , Yuxiao Chen , Chuchu Fan
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