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Diffusion models represent a new paradigm in text-to-image generation. Beyond generating high-quality images from text prompts, models such as Stable Diffusion have been successfully extended to the joint generation of semantic segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Pablo Marcos-Manchón , Roberto Alcover-Couso , Juan C. SanMiguel , Jose M. Martínez

Autonomous drones capable of interpreting and executing high-level language instructions in unstructured environments remain a long-standing goal. Yet existing approaches are constrained by their dependence on hand-crafted skills, extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qianzhong Chen , Naixiang Gao , Suning Huang , JunEn Low , Timothy Chen , Jiankai Sun , Mac Schwager

We propose TraceRL, a trajectory-aware reinforcement learning framework for diffusion language models (DLMs) that incorporates preferred inference trajectory into post-training, and is applicable across different architectures. Equipped…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yinjie Wang , Ling Yang , Bowen Li , Ye Tian , Ke Shen , Mengdi Wang

Despite advances in test-time scaling and diffusion finetuning, guidance for Auto-Regressive Diffusion Models (ARDMs) remains underexplored. We introduce an amortized framework that augments a pretrained ARDM with an offline-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Prakhar Srivastava , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Francesco Immorlano , Kushagra Pandey , Stephan Mandt

Large diffusion vision-language models (LDVLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models, enabling parallel decoding for efficient inference and leveraging bidirectional attention for global context. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Sujung Hong , Chanyong Yoon , Seong Jae Hwang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced molecular discovery, but existing multimodal molecular architectures fundamentally rely on autoregressive (AR) backbones. This strict left-to-right inductive bias is sub-optimal for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Seohyeon Shin , HanJun Choi , Jun-Hyung Park , Hong Kook Kim , Mansu Kim

Although recent advances in visual generation have been remarkable, most existing architectures still depend on distinct encoders for images and text. This separation constrains diffusion models' ability to perform cross-modal reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Kevin Li , Manuel Brack , Sudeep Katakol , Hareesh Ravi , Ajinkya Kale

Current Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) typically encode frames via a vision encoder and employ an autoregressive (AR) LLM for understanding and generation. However, this AR paradigm inevitably faces a dual efficiency bottleneck:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhihao He , Tieyuan Chen , Kangyu Wang , Ziran Qin , Yang Shao , Chaofan Gan , Shijie Li , Zuxuan Wu , Weiyao Lin

We propose GoalFlow, an end-to-end autonomous driving method for generating high-quality multimodal trajectories. In autonomous driving scenarios, there is rarely a single suitable trajectory. Recent methods have increasingly focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zebin Xing , Xingyu Zhang , Yang Hu , Bo Jiang , Tong He , Qian Zhang , Xiaoxiao Long , Wei Yin

Masked auto-regressive diffusion models (MAR) benefit from the expressive modeling ability of diffusion models and the flexibility of masked auto-regressive ordering. However, vanilla MAR suffers from slow inference due to its hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yuxuan Gu , Weimin Bai , Yifei Wang , Weijian Luo , He Sun

Masked diffusion models have recently emerged as a flexible framework for discrete generative modeling. However, a key limitation of standard masked diffusion is its inability to effectively capture dependencies among tokens that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yichi Zhang , Alex Schwing , Zhizhen Zhao

Recently, continuous diffusion models (CDM) have been introduced into non-autoregressive (NAR) text-to-text generation. However, the discrete nature of text increases the difficulty of CDM to generate coherent and fluent texts, and also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Kun Zhou , Yifan Li , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) present a compelling alternative to autoregressive models, offering flexible, any-order infilling without specialized prompting design. However, their practical utility is blocked by a critical limitation:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zirui Wu , Lin Zheng , Zhihui Xie , Jiacheng Ye , Jiahui Gao , Shansan Gong , Yansong Feng , Zhenguo Li , Wei Bi , Guorui Zhou , Lingpeng Kong

Route planning for navigation under partial observability plays a crucial role in modern robotics and autonomous driving. Existing route planning approaches can be categorized into two main classes: traditional autoregressive and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Gengyu Zhang , Hao Tang , Yan Yan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for building embodied agents that ground perception and language into action. However, most existing approaches rely on direct action prediction, lacking the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Runze Li , Hongyin Zhang , Junxi Jin , Qixin Zeng , Zifeng Zhuang , Yiqi Tang , Shangke Lyu , Donglin Wang

Motion prediction is a challenging problem in autonomous driving as it demands the system to comprehend stochastic dynamics and the multi-modal nature of real-world agent interactions. Diffusion models have recently risen to prominence, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Jiahui Li , Tianle Shen , Zekai Gu , Jiawei Sun , Chengran Yuan , Yuhang Han , Shuo Sun , Marcelo H. Ang

Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive (AR) LLMs for text generation, with the potential to decode multiple tokens in a single iteration. However, none of the existing open-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Xu Wang , Chenkai Xu , Yijie Jin , Jiachun Jin , Hao Zhang , Zhijie Deng

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) demands effective processing of multi-view sensory data and robust handling of diverse and complex driving scenarios, particularly rare maneuvers such as aggressive turns. Recent success of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhenjie Yang , Yilin Chai , Xiaosong Jia , Qifeng Li , Yuqian Shao , Xuekai Zhu , Haisheng Su , Junchi Yan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged in autonomous driving, with the promise of leveraging rich world knowledge to improve the cognitive capabilities of driving systems. However, adapting such models for driving tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yongkang Li , Lijun Zhou , Sixu Yan , Bencheng Liao , Tianyi Yan , Kaixin Xiong , Long Chen , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Wenyu Liu , Haiyang Sun , Xinggang Wang

This paper proposes VLA-AN, an efficient and onboard Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework dedicated to autonomous drone navigation in complex environments. VLA-AN addresses four major limitations of existing large aerial navigation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yuze Wu , Mo Zhu , Xingxing Li , Yuheng Du , Yuxin Fan , Wenjun Li , Zhichao Han , Xin Zhou , Fei Gao