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This technical note considers the sampling of outcomes that provide the greatest amount of information about the structure of underlying world models. This generalisation furnishes a principled approach to structure learning under a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-25 Karl Friston , Lancelot Da Costa , Alexander Tschantz , Conor Heins , Christopher Buckley , Tim Verbelen , Thomas Parr

Many applications in Reinforcement Learning (RL) usually have noise or stochasticity present in the environment. Beyond their impact on learning, these uncertainties lead the exact same policy to perform differently, i.e. yield different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Manon Flageat , Bryan Lim , Antoine Cully

A new framework is developed for control of constrained nonlinear systems with structured parametric uncertainties. Forward invariance of a safe set is achieved through online parameter adaptation and data-driven model estimation. The new…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-01 Brett T. Lopez , Jean-Jacques E. Slotine , Jonathan P. How

The policy gradient approach is a flexible and powerful reinforcement learning method particularly for problems with continuous actions such as robot control. A common challenge in this scenario is how to reduce the variance of policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Tingting Zhao , Hirotaka Hachiya , Voot Tangkaratt , Jun Morimoto , Masashi Sugiyama

Reinforcement learning in partially observable environments is typically challenging, as it requires agents to learn an estimate of the underlying system state. These challenges are exacerbated in multi-agent settings, where agents learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Paul J. Pritz , Kin K. Leung

Offline reinforcement learning provides a viable approach to obtain advanced control strategies for dynamical systems, in particular when direct interaction with the environment is not available. In this paper, we introduce a conceptual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Marc Weber , Phillip Swazinna , Daniel Hein , Steffen Udluft , Volkmar Sterzing

Growing concerns regarding the operational usage of AI models in the real-world has caused a surge of interest in explaining AI models' decisions to humans. Reinforcement Learning is not an exception in this regard. In this work, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Omid Davoodi , Majid Komeili

Traditional methods for determining critical parameters are often influenced by human factors. This research introduces a physics-inspired adaptive reinforcement learning framework that enables agents to autonomously interact with physical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-12 Hai Man , Chaobo Wang , Jia-Rui Li , Yuping Tian , Shu-Gang Chen

Standard RL algorithms assume fixed environment dynamics and require a significant amount of interaction to adapt to new environments. We introduce Policy-Dynamics Value Functions (PD-VF), a novel approach for rapidly adapting to dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Roberta Raileanu , Max Goldstein , Arthur Szlam , Rob Fergus

As AI systems advance beyond human capabilities, scalable oversight becomes critical: how can we supervise AI that exceeds our abilities? A key challenge is that human evaluators may form incorrect beliefs about AI behavior in complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Leon Lang , Patrick Forré

We study the problem of policy repair for learning-based control policies in safety-critical settings. We consider an architecture where a high-performance learning-based control policy (e.g. one trained as a neural network) is paired with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Weichao Zhou , Ruihan Gao , BaekGyu Kim , Eunsuk Kang , Wenchao Li

In a constantly changing world, animals must account for environmental volatility when making decisions. To appropriately discount older, irrelevant information, they need to learn the rate at which the environment changes. We develop an…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-01-12 Adrian E Radillo , Alan Veliz-Cuba , Kresimir Josic , Zachary P Kilpatrick

This paper proposes an Adaptive Learning Model Predictive Control strategy for uncertain constrained linear systems performing iterative tasks. The additive uncertainty is modeled as the sum of a bounded process noise and an unknown…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Monimoy Bujarbaruah , Xiaojing Zhang , Ugo Rosolia , Francesco Borrelli

Adaptive optimal control using value iteration initiated from a stabilizing control policy is theoretically analyzed in terms of stability of the system during the learning stage without ignoring the effects of approximation errors. This…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-25 Ali Heydari

Selection bias arises when the probability that an observation enters a dataset depends on variables related to the quantities of interest, leading to systematic distortions in estimation and uncertainty quantification. For example, in…

In reinforcement learning, agents that consider the context, or current state, when selecting source policies for transfer have been shown to outperform context-free approaches. However, none of the existing approaches transfer knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Michael Gimelfarb , Scott Sanner , Chi-Guhn Lee

The stable combination of optimal feedback policies with online learning is studied in a new control-theoretic framework for uncertain nonlinear systems. The framework can be systematically used in transfer learning and sim-to-real…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-13 Brett T. Lopez , Jean-Jacques E. Slotine

Understanding adaptive human driving behavior, in particular how drivers manage uncertainty, is of key importance for developing simulated human driver models that can be used in the evaluation and development of autonomous vehicles.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Johan Engström , Ran Wei , Anthony McDonald , Alfredo Garcia , Matt O'Kelly , Leif Johnson

Policy learning utilizing observational data is pivotal across various domains, with the objective of learning the optimal treatment assignment policy while adhering to specific constraints such as fairness, budget, and simplicity. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-12 Pan Zhao , Antoine Chambaz , Julie Josse , Shu Yang

Experience replay is a core ingredient of modern deep reinforcement learning, yet its benefits in policy optimization are poorly understood beyond empirical heuristics. This paper develops a novel theoretical framework for experience replay…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hua Zheng , Wei Xie , M. Ben Feng