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Exceptional point (EP) degeneracies in coupled cavities with gain and loss provide on-chip photonic devices with unconventional features and performance. However, such systems with realistic structures often miss the exact EPs even in…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-26 Kenta Takata , Nathan Roberts , Akihiko Shinya , Masaya Notomi

Eigenvalue problems for electromagnetic resonant states on open dielectric structures are non-Hermitian and may have exceptional points (EPs) at which two or more eigenfrequencies and the corresponding eigenfunctions coalesce. EPs of…

Optics · Physics 2020-04-07 Amgad Abdrabou , Ya Yan Lu

Recently, sensors with resonances at exceptional points (EPs) have been suggested to have a vastly improved sensitivity due to the extraordinary scaling of the complex frequency splitting of the $n$ initially degenerate modes with the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-08-08 W. Langbein

Non-Hermitian (NH) systems can display exotic topological phenomena without Hermitian counterparts, enabled by exceptional points (EPs). So far, investigations of NH topology have been restricted to EPs of the NH Hamiltonian, which governs…

Non-Hermitian systems can produce branch singularities known as exceptional points (EPs). Different from singularities in Hermitian systems, the topological properties of an EP can involve either the winding of eigenvalues that produces a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Weiyuan Tang , Kun Ding , Guancong Ma

Non-Hermiticity has emerged as a new paradigm for controlling coupled-mode systems in ways that cannot be achieved with conventional techniques. One aspect of this control that has received considerable attention recently is the encircling…

The most intriguing properties of non-Hermitian systems are found near the exceptional points (EPs) at which the Hamiltonian matrix becomes defective. Due to the complex topological structure of the energy Riemann surfaces close to an EP…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-06-19 Xu-Lin Zhang , Shubo Wang , Bo Hou , C. T. Chan

Exceptional points (EPs) are degenerate singularities in a non-Hermitian system that can be induced by controlling the interaction between resonant photonic modes. EPs can enable unusual optical phenomena and significantly enhance the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-09-15 Hoon Yeub Jeong , Yeonsoo Lim , Jungho Han , Soo-Chan An , Young Chul Jun

The concept of exceptional point (EP) is demonstrated experimentally in the case of a simple mechanical system consisting of two linearized coupled pendulums. Exceptional points correspond to specific values of the system parameters that…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-02-08 Nicolas Even , Benoit Nennig , Gautier Lefebvre , Emmanuel Perrey-Debain

One of the most intriguing topological features of open systems is exhibiting exceptional point (EP) singularities. Apart from the widely explored second-order EPs (EP2s), the explorations of higher-order EPs in any system requires more…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-01 Arnab Laha , Dinesh Beniwal , Sibnath Dey , Abhijit Biswas , Somnath Ghosh

The heightened sensitivity observed in non-Hermitian systems at exceptional points (EPs) has garnered significant attention. Typical EP sensor implementations rely on precise measurements of spectra and importantly, for real time sensing…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-18 Parul Sharma , Brijesh Kumar , Nihar Ranjan Sahoo , Anshuman Kumar

One of the key features of non-Hermitian systems is the occurrence of exceptional points (EPs), spectral degeneracies where the eigenvalues and eigenvectors merge. In this work, we propose applying neural networks to characterize EPs by…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-12-05 Md. Afsar Reja , Awadhesh Narayan

Compared with an isolated exceptional point, exceptional surfaces in non-Hermitian systems are more robust against environment noises, fabrication errors, and experimental uncertainties. Thanks to this, exceptional surfaces can be applied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Guo-Qiang Zhang , Si-Yan Lin , Wei Feng , Yu Wang , Yang Yu , Chui-Ping Yang

This paper theoretically and numerically studies the response characteristics of non-Hermitian resonant photonic systems operating near an exceptional point (EP), where two resonant eigenmodes coalesce. It is shown that a system near an EP…

Optics · Physics 2018-04-06 Satoshi Sunada

Exceptional points (EPs) associated with a square-root singularity have been found in many non-Hermitian systems. In most of the studies, the EPs found are isotropic meaning that the same singular behavior is obtained independent of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-08-28 Kun Ding , Guancong Ma , Z. Q. Zhang , C. T. Chan

The past few years have witnessed growing interests in exceptional points (EPs) in various domains, including photonics, acoustics and electronics. However, EPs have mainly been realized based on the degeneracy of resonances of physical…

Optics · Physics 2021-09-20 Changqing Wang , William R. Sweeney , A. Douglas Stone , Lan Yang

Non-Hermitian systems associated with exceptional points (EPs) are expected to demonstrate a giant response enhancement for various sensors. The widely investigated enhancement mechanism based on diverging from an EP should destroy the EP…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 Xuan Mao , Guo-Qing Qin , Hao Zhang , Bo-Yang Wang , Dan Long , Gui-Qin Li , Gui-Lu Long

Non-Hermitian physics has unlocked a wealth of unconventional wave phenomena beyond the reach of Hermitian systems, with exceptional points (EPs) driving enhanced sensitivity, nonreciprocal transport, and topological behavior unique to…

Exceptional points (EPs) have been suggested for ultra-sensitive sensing because the eigenfrequency splitting grows as the nth-root of a perturbation, suggesting divergent responsivity. In ideal linear devices, however, this responsivity…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-25 Todd Darcie , J. Stewart Aitchison

Exceptional points (EPs), which arise from non-Hermitian systems, have been extensively investigated for the development of high-performance gyroscopes. However, operating a non-Hermitian gyroscope at high-order EP (HOEP) to achieve extreme…

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