Related papers: Thermodynamics of Black Holes, far from Equilibriu…
The close similarities of the three laws of black hole mechanics, discovered by Bardeen, Carter and Hawking, with the laws of thermodynamics led to the identification of a multiple of the area of the event horizon with entropy. However,…
In this work, we establish the corrected first law of thermodynamics for dynamical regular black holes on both the event horizon and apparent horizon. We find that the temperature of dynamical regular black holes derived from the…
A property well known as the first law of black hole is a relation among infinitesimal variations of parameters of stationary black holes. We consider a dynamical version of the first law, which may be called the first law of black hole…
The first law of black hole thermodynamics can be read off from the field equations at the horizon. Until now, for black holes with multiple horizons the field equations only at the outer horizon were employed with a particular constraint.…
We address a long-standing problem of describing the thermodynamics of a charged accelerating black hole. We derive a standard first law of black hole thermodynamics, with the usual identification of entropy proportional to the area of the…
We have shown that changes occur in a (2+1)-dimensional charged black hole by adding a charged probe. The particle increases the entropy of the black hole and guarantees the second law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is…
The first law of black hole mechanics has been the main motivation for investigating thermodynamic properties of black holes. The first version of this law was proved in \cite{Bardeen:1973gs} by considering perturbations of an…
We consider the first laws of thermodynamics for a pair of systems made up of the two horizons of a Kerr-Newman black hole. These two systems are constructed in such a way that we only demand their ``horizon areas'' to be the sum and…
The first and second laws of black hole thermodynamics are verified to emerge from a generic semiclassical theory of gravity for which a Hamiltonian can be defined. The first law is established for stationary spacetimes, and the second law…
A framework for the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of glasses is discussed. It also explains the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of a black hole isolated from matter. The first and second laws of black dynamics and black hole thermodynamics…
We trace the origins and development of black hole thermodynamics across the past half-century, emphasizing the framework's relation to classical thermodynamics, and the vital role played by the notions of equilibrium, stationarity, and…
We review the remarkable relationship between the laws of black hole mechanics and the ordinary laws of thermodynamics. It is emphasized that - in analogy with the laws of thermodynamics - the validity the laws of black hole mechanics does…
This is an introductory, up-to-date review of the essentials of black hole thermodynamics. The main topics surveyed are: (i) the four laws of thermodynamics as applied to a black hole horizon, and the current status of their proofs; (ii)…
If simple entropy in the Bekenstein-Hawking area law for a Schwarzschild black hole is replaced with 'negative' quantum conditional entropy, which quantifies quantum entanglement, of positive-energy particles of the black hole relative to…
The thermodynamical properties of dark energy are usually investigated with the equation of state $\omega =\omega_{0}+\omega_{1}z$. Recent observations show that our universe is accelerating, and the apparent horizon and the event horizon…
Physical process version of the first law of black hole mechanics relates the change in entropy of a perturbed Killing horizon, between two asymptotic cross sections, to the matter flow into the horizon. Here, we study the mathematical…
Although we know that black holes are characterized by a temperature and an entropy, we do not yet have a satisfactory microscopic ``statistical mechanical'' explanation for black hole thermodynamics. I describe a new approach that…
In black hole thermodynamics of certain models, the thermodynamic first law may contain the pressure term. The corresponding entropy follows the area law whereas the thermodynamic energy is not the same with the black hole mass. If the…
Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This…
We analyze the thermodynamical behavior of black holes in closed finite boxes. First the black hole mass evolution is analyzed in an initially empty box. Using the conservation of the energy and the Hawking evaporation flux, we deduce a…