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Proximal policy optimization (PPO) is one of the most successful deep reinforcement-learning methods, achieving state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of challenging tasks. However, its optimization behavior is still far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Yuhui Wang , Hao He , Chao Wen , Xiaoyang Tan

Portfolio optimization is a critical task in investment. Most existing portfolio optimization methods require information on the distribution of returns of the assets that make up the portfolio. However, such distribution information is…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-09 Masahiro Kato , Kentaro Baba , Hibiki Kaibuchi , Ryo Inokuchi

We introduce the Pontryagin-Guided Direct Policy Optimization (PG-DPO) framework for high-dimensional continuous-time portfolio choice. Our approach combines Pontryagin's Maximum Principle (PMP) with backpropagation through time (BPTT) to…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-12 Jeonggyu Huh , Jaegi Jeon , Hyeng Keun Koo , Byung Hwa Lim

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely-used method for optimizing expensive (to evaluate) problems. At the core of most BO methods is the modeling of the objective function using a Gaussian Process (GP) whose covariance is selected from a…

Bayesian optimization is a sample-efficient method for black-box global optimization. How- ever, the performance of a Bayesian optimization method very much depends on its exploration strategy, i.e. the choice of acquisition function, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-06 Bobak Shahriari , Ziyu Wang , Matthew W. Hoffman , Alexandre Bouchard-Côté , Nando de Freitas

In this study we propose a unified model of optimal retirement, consumption and portfolio choice of an individual agent, which encompasses a large class of the models in the literature and provide a general methodology to solve the model.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-02 Junkee Jeon , Hyeng Keun Koo

Random processes play a crucial role in scientific research, often characterized by distribution functions or probability density functions (PDFs). These PDFs serve as essential approximations of the actual and frequently undisclosed…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-06 Nico Schick

We present a unifying framework which reduces the construction of probabilistic component analysis techniques to a mere selection of the latent neighbourhood, thus providing an elegant and principled framework for creating novel component…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-17 Mihalis A. Nicolaou , Stefanos Zafeiriou , Maja Pantic

Modern portfolio theory(MPT) addresses the problem of determining the optimum allocation of investment resources among a set of candidate assets. In the original mean-variance approach of Markowitz, volatility is taken as a proxy for risk,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Morrel H. Cohen , Vincent D. Natoli

In this paper, we consider the problem of optimization of a portfolio consisting of securities. An investor with an initial capital, is interested in constructing a portfolio of securities. If the prices of securities change, the investor…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-12-05 Oleg Malafeyev , Achal Awasthi

Policy optimization methods are popular reinforcement learning algorithms, because their incremental and on-policy nature makes them more stable than the value-based counterparts. However, the same properties also make them slow to converge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Andrea Zanette , Ching-An Cheng , Alekh Agarwal

We analyze characteristics' joint predictive information through the lens of out-of-sample power utility functions. Linking weights to characteristics to form optimal portfolios suffers from estimation error which we mitigate by maximizing…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-05 Christopher G. Lamoureux , Huacheng Zhang

Portfolio optimization is an important process in finance that consists in finding the optimal asset allocation that maximizes expected returns while minimizing risk. When assets are allocated in discrete units, this is a combinatorial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-04 Álvaro Rubio-García , Juan José García-Ripoll , Diego Porras

While the problem of estimating a probability density function (pdf) from its observations is classical, the estimation under additional shape constraints is both important and challenging. We introduce an efficient, geometric approach for…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-05 Sutanoy Dasgupta , Debdeep Pati , Ian H. Jermyn , Anuj Srivastava

By leveraging differentiable dynamics, Reparameterization Policy Gradient (RPG) achieves high sample efficiency. However, current approaches are hindered by two critical limitations: the under-utilization of computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Hai Zhong , Xun Wang , Zhuoran Li , Longbo Huang

Direct preference optimization (DPO) is widely used as a simple and stable method for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. This paper investigates a generalized DPO loss that enables a policy model to match the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yeongmin Kim , Heesun Bae , Byeonghu Na , Il-Chul Moon

Portfolio optimisation is essential in quantitative investing, but its implementation faces several practical difficulties. One particular challenge is converting optimal portfolio weights into real-life trades in the presence of realistic…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-01 Cristiano Arbex Valle

This study first reviews fuzzy random Portfolio selection theory and describes the concept of portfolio optimization model as a useful instrument for helping finance practitioners and researchers. Second, this paper specifically aims at…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-02-18 Mir Ehsan Hesam Sadati , Ali Doniavi

We propose Dual Approximation Policy Optimization (DAPO), a framework that incorporates general function approximation into policy mirror descent methods. In contrast to the popular approach of using the $L_2$-norm to measure function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Zhihan Xiong , Maryam Fazel , Lin Xiao

A unified approach to derive optimal finite differences is presented which combines three critical elements for numerical performance especially for multi-scale physical problems, namely, order of accuracy, spectral resolution and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Komal Kumari , Raktim Bhattacharya , Diego A. Donzis
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