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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently achieved notable progress in end-to-end autonomous driving by integrating perception, reasoning, and control within a unified multimodal framework. However, they often lack explicit modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Guoqing Wang , Pin Tang , Xiangxuan Ren , Guodongfang Zhao , Bailan Feng , Chao Ma

Autonomous driving systems depend on on models that can reason about high-level scene contexts and accurately predict the dynamics of their surrounding environment. Vision- Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Stefan Englmeier , Katharina Winter , Fabian B. Flohr

Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) achieve strong semantic recognition, yet remain brittle on elementary spatial relations such as left of, on, behind, and between. One cause of this failure arises before language reasoning begins: the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Renjie Gu , Kaichen Zhou , Yan Luo , Mengyu Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown strong performance on static visual understanding, yet they still struggle with dynamic spatial reasoning that requires imagining how scenes evolve under egocentric motion. Recent efforts address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wanyue Zhang , Wenxiang Wu , Wang Xu , Jiaxin Luo , Helu Zhi , Yibin Huang , Shuo Ren , Zitao Liu , Jiajun Zhang

The ability to construct mental models of the world is a central aspect of understanding. Similarly, visual understanding can be viewed as the ability to construct a representative model of the system depicted in an image. This work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Sagi Eppel

Trained on internet-scale video data, generative world models are increasingly recognized as powerful world simulators that can generate consistent and plausible dynamics over structure, motion, and physics. This raises a natural question:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Kevin Zhang , Kuangzhi Ge , Xiaowei Chi , Renrui Zhang , Shaojun Shi , Zhen Dong , Sirui Han , Shanghang Zhang

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models rely on 2D inputs, lacking integration with the broader realm of the 3D physical world. Furthermore, they perform action prediction by learning a direct mapping from perception to action,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Haoyu Zhen , Xiaowen Qiu , Peihao Chen , Jincheng Yang , Xin Yan , Yilun Du , Yining Hong , Chuang Gan

The landscape of video generation is shifting, from a focus on generating visually appealing clips to building virtual environments that support interaction and maintain physical plausibility. These developments point toward the emergence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Jingtong Yue , Ziqi Huang , Zhaoxi Chen , Xintao Wang , Pengfei Wan , Ziwei Liu

World models - generative models that simulate environment dynamics conditioned on past observations and actions - are gaining prominence in planning, simulation, and embodied AI. However, evaluating their rollouts remains a fundamental…

Video diffusion models (VDMs) have advanced significantly in recent years, enabling the generation of highly realistic videos and drawing the attention of the community in their potential as world simulators. However, despite their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Xindi Yang , Baolu Li , Yiming Zhang , Zhenfei Yin , Lei Bai , Liqian Ma , Zhiyong Wang , Jianfei Cai , Tien-Tsin Wong , Huchuan Lu , Xu Jia

Robotic manipulation requires anticipating how the environment evolves in response to actions, yet most existing systems lack this predictive capability, often resulting in errors and inefficiency. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Songen Gu , Yunuo Cai , Tianyu Wang , Simo Wu , Yanwei Fu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao

World models aim to learn action-controlled future prediction and have proven essential for the development of intelligent agents. However, most existing world models rely heavily on substantial action-labeled data and costly training,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shenyuan Gao , Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Jun Zhang , Chuang Gan

A world model is an AI system that simulates how an environment evolves under actions, enabling planning through imagined futures rather than reactive perception. Current world models, however, suffer from visual conflation: the mistaken…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhikang Chen , Tingting Zhu

End-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving has recently attracted increasing interest in unifying Vision-Language-Action (VLA) with World Models to enhance decision-making and forward-looking imagination. However, existing methods fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Feiyang jia , Lin Liu , Ziying Song , Caiyan Jia , Hangjun Ye , Xiaoshuai Hao , Long Chen

World models simulate future states of the world in response to different actions. They facilitate interactive content creation and provides a foundation for grounded, long-horizon reasoning. Current foundation models do not fully meet the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jiannan Xiang , Guangyi Liu , Yi Gu , Qiyue Gao , Yuting Ning , Yuheng Zha , Zeyu Feng , Tianhua Tao , Shibo Hao , Yemin Shi , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved strong semantic generalization for embodied policy learning, yet they learn reactive observation-to-action mappings without explicitly modeling how the physical world evolves under…

The advancement of autonomous driving technologies necessitates increasingly sophisticated methods for understanding and predicting real-world scenarios. Vision language models (VLMs) are emerging as revolutionary tools with significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yongjie Fu , Anmol Jain , Xuan Di , Xu Chen , Zhaobin Mo

Autonomous driving requires reasoning about how the environment evolves and planning actions accordingly. Existing world-model-based approaches typically predict future scenes first and plan afterwards, resulting in open-loop imagination…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Qiqi Liu , Huan Xu , Jingyu Li , Bin Sun , Zhihui Hao , Dangen She , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) acquire real-world knowledge and general reasoning ability through Internet-scale image-text corpora. They can augment robotic systems with scene understanding and task planning, and assist visuomotor policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Kaiyuan Chen , Shuangyu Xie , Zehan Ma , Pannag R Sanketi , Ken Goldberg
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