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Prompt engineering is critical for the development of LLM-based applications. However, it is usually done manually in a "trial and error" fashion that can be time consuming, ineffective, and sub-optimal. Even for the prompts which seemingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Weize Kong , Spurthi Amba Hombaiah , Mingyang Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Michael Bendersky

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jorg Bornschein , Clare Lyle , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki , Xu Owen He , Razvan Pascanu

Prompt engineering plays a critical role in adapting large language models (LLMs) to complex reasoning and labeling tasks without the need for extensive fine-tuning. In this paper, we propose a novel prompt optimization pipeline for frame…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Do Minh Duc , Quan Xuan Truong , Nguyen Tat Dat , Nguyen Van Vinh

Developing effective prompts demands significant cognitive investment to generate reliable, high-quality responses from Large Language Models (LLMs). By deploying case-specific prompt engineering techniques that streamline frequently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Valentin Romanov , Steven A Niederer

While most existing works on LLM prompting techniques focus only on how to select a better set of data samples inside one single prompt input (In-Context Learning or ICL), why can not we design and leverage multiple prompts together to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Bingsheng Yao , Guiming Chen , Ruishi Zou , Yuxuan Lu , Jiachen Li , Shao Zhang , Yisi Sang , Sijia Liu , James Hendler , Dakuo Wang

In recent years, the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has spurred a growing demand for plug-and-play AI systems. Among the various AI techniques, prompt engineering stands out as particularly significant. However, users often face…

Prompts for pre-trained language models (PLMs) have shown remarkable performance by bridging the gap between pre-training tasks and various downstream tasks. Among these methods, prompt tuning, which freezes PLMs and only tunes soft…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yuxian Gu , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Minlie Huang

Prompt optimization is essential for enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in a range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, particularly in scenarios of few-shot learning where training examples are incorporated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Dai Do , Quan Tran , Svetha Venkatesh , Hung Le

Prompt tuning has been an extremely effective tool to adapt a pre-trained model to downstream tasks. However, standard prompt-based methods mainly consider the case of sufficient data of downstream tasks. It is still unclear whether the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Ping Yu , Wei Wang , Chunyuan Li , Ruiyi Zhang , Zhanpeng Jin , Changyou Chen

Requirements classification assigns natural language requirements to predefined classes, such as functional and non functional. Accurate classification reduces risk and improves software quality. Most existing models rely on supervised…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Manal Binkhonain , Reem Alfayaz

Prompting methods have shown impressive performance in a variety of text mining tasks and applications, especially few-shot ones. Despite the promising prospects, the performance of prompting model largely depends on the design of prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hongyuan Dong , Weinan Zhang , Wanxiang Che

Large language models have exhibited intriguing in-context learning capability, achieving promising zero- and few-shot performance without updating the parameters. However, conventional in-context learning is usually restricted by length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Yaru Hao , Yutao Sun , Li Dong , Zhixiong Han , Yuxian Gu , Furu Wei

The recent GPT-3 model (Brown et al., 2020) achieves remarkable few-shot performance solely by leveraging a natural-language prompt and a few task demonstrations as input context. Inspired by their findings, we study few-shot learning in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Tianyu Gao , Adam Fisch , Danqi Chen

Recent advances in large pre-trained language models (PLMs) lead to impressive gains in natural language understanding (NLU) tasks with task-specific fine-tuning. However, directly fine-tuning PLMs heavily relies on sufficient labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Canyu Chen , Kai Shu

Efficient processing of tabular data is important in various industries, especially when working with datasets containing a large number of columns. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their ability on several tasks through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Ashlesha Akella , Abhijit Manatkar , Brij Chavda , Hima Patel

Large pre-trained language models (PLMs) are at the forefront of advances in Natural Language Processing. One widespread use case of PLMs is "prompting" - or in-context learning - where a user provides a description of a task and some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Christopher Toukmaji

Prompt Learning has recently gained great popularity in bridging the gap between pretraining tasks and various downstream tasks. It freezes Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) and only tunes a few task-related parameters (prompts) for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Yuezihan Jiang , Hao Yang , Junyang Lin , Hanyu Zhao , An Yang , Chang Zhou , Hongxia Yang , Zhi Yang , Bin Cui

The effectiveness of prompt learning has been demonstrated in different pre-trained language models. By formulating suitable template and choosing representative label mapping, prompt learning can be used as an efficient knowledge probe.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jinta Weng , Yue Hu , Jing Qiu , Heyan Huan

Text classification is a well-studied and versatile building block for many NLP applications. Yet, existing approaches require either large annotated corpora to train a model with or, when using large language models as a base, require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Arth Bohra , Govert Verkes , Artem Harutyunyan , Pascal Weinberger , Giovanni Campagna

Context: The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked significant interest in leveraging their capabilities for automating code review processes. Prior studies often focus on developing LLMs for code review automation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Chanathip Pornprasit , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn