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Cognition is not passive data accumulation but the active resolution of uncertainty through symmetry breaking. This paper argues that both cognitive evolution and development unfold via sequential symmetry-breaking transitions that disrupt…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-13 Xin Li

Recognizing symmetries in data allows for significant boosts in neural network training, which is especially important where training data are limited. In many cases, however, the exact underlying symmetry is present only in an idealized…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-07 Seth Nabat , Aishik Ghosh , Edmund Witkowski , Gregor Kasieczka , Daniel Whiteson

In many real-world applications of regression, conditional probability estimation, and uncertainty quantification, exploiting symmetries rooted in physics or geometry can dramatically improve generalization and sample efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Daniel Ordoñez-Apraez , Vladimir Kostić , Alek Fröhlich , Vivien Brandt , Karim Lounici , Massimiliano Pontil

Biological intelligence is remarkable in its ability to produce complex behaviour in many diverse situations through data efficient, generalisable and transferable skill acquisition. It is believed that learning "good" sensory…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-03-18 Irina Higgins , Sébastien Racanière , Danilo Rezende

Learning disentangled representations is a key step towards effectively discovering and modelling the underlying structure of environments. In the natural sciences, physics has found great success by describing the universe in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Robin Quessard , Thomas D. Barrett , William R. Clements

Integrating invariance into data representations is a principled design in intelligent systems and web applications. Representations play a fundamental role, where systems and applications are both built on meaningful representations of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Shuren Qi , Fei Wang , Tieyong Zeng , Fenglei Fan

For the brain to recognize local orientations within images, neurons must spontaneously break the translation and rotation symmetry of their response functions -- an archetypal example of unsupervised learning. The dominant framework for…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-07 Francesco Fumarola , Bettina Hein , Kenneth D. Miller

Model generalization of the underlying dynamics is critical for achieving data efficiency when learning for robot control. This paper proposes a novel approach for learning dynamics leveraging the symmetry in the underlying robotic system,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Jee-eun Lee , Jaemin Lee , Tirthankar Bandyopadhyay , Luis Sentis

Exploiting symmetry inherent in data can significantly improve the sample efficiency of a learning procedure and the generalization of learned models. When data clearly reveals underlying symmetry, leveraging this symmetry can naturally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Gyeonghoon Ko , Hyunsu Kim , Juho Lee

Using symmetry as an inductive bias in deep learning has been proven to be a principled approach for sample-efficient model design. However, the relationship between symmetry and the imperative for equivariance in neural networks is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Sékou-Oumar Kaba , Siamak Ravanbakhsh

Symmetry is one of the most central concepts in physics, and it is no surprise that it has also been widely adopted as an inductive bias for machine-learning models applied to the physical sciences. This is especially true for models…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-12-23 Marcel F. Langer , Sergey N. Pozdnyakov , Michele Ceriotti

Recognizing symmetries in data allows for significant boosts in neural network training. In many cases, however, the underlying symmetry is present only in an idealized dataset, and is broken in the training data, due to effects such as…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-11-13 Edmund Witkowski , Daniel Whiteson

Despite the advancements in learning governing differential equations from observations of dynamical systems, data-driven methods are often unaware of fundamental physical laws, such as frame invariance. As a result, these algorithms may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jianke Yang , Wang Rao , Nima Dehmamy , Robin Walters , Rose Yu

Drawing on the idea that brain development is a Darwinian process of ``evolution + selection'' and the idea that the current state is a local equilibrium state of many bodies with self-organization and evolution processes driven by the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Ping Guo , Qian Yin

Symmetries play a central role in physics, organizing dynamics, constraining interactions, and determining the effective number of physical degrees of freedom. In parallel, modern artificial intelligence methods have demonstrated a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-03 Veronica Sanz

Symmetry is present throughout nature and continues to play an increasingly central role in physics and machine learning. Fundamental symmetries, such as Poincar\'{e} invariance, allow physical laws discovered in laboratories on Earth to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Samuel E. Otto , Nicholas Zolman , J. Nathan Kutz , Steven L. Brunton

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in statistical mechanics primarily occurs during phase transitions at the thermodynamic limit where the Hamiltonian preserves inversion symmetry, yet the low-temperature free energy exhibits reduced symmetry.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Shalom Rosner , Ronit D. Gross , Ella Koresh , Ido Kanter

Finding a generally accepted formal definition of a disentangled representation in the context of an agent behaving in an environment is an important challenge towards the construction of data-efficient autonomous agents. Higgins et al.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Hugo Caselles-Dupré , Michael Garcia-Ortiz , David Filliat

We introduce a general method for learning representations that are equivariant to symmetries of data. Our central idea is to decompose the latent space into an invariant factor and the symmetry group itself. The components semantically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Giovanni Luca Marchetti , Gustaf Tegnér , Anastasiia Varava , Danica Kragic

At the core of self-supervised learning for vision is the idea of learning invariant or equivariant representations with respect to a set of data transformations. This approach, however, introduces strong inductive biases, which can render…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Sharut Gupta , Chenyu Wang , Yifei Wang , Tommi Jaakkola , Stefanie Jegelka
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