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We present software facilitating the usage of the BrainScaleS-2 analog neuromorphic hardware system as an inference accelerator for artificial neural networks. The accelerator hardware is transparently integrated into the PyTorch machine…

LLM-based coding agents can generate functionally correct GPU kernels, yet their performance remains far below hand-optimized libraries on critical computations such as matrix multiplication, attention, and Mixture-of-Experts (MoE). Peak…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Haohui Mai , Xiaoyan Guo , Xiangyun Ding , Daifeng Li , Qiuchu Yu , Chenzhun Guo , Cong Wang , Jiacheng Zhao , Christos Kozyrakis , Binhang Yuan

A multimodal AI agent is characterized by its ability to process and learn from various types of data, including natural language, visual, and audio inputs, to inform its actions. Despite advancements in large language models that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Wei Chen , Zhiyuan Li

AI agents are emerging as a dominant workload in a wide range of applications, promising to be the vehicle that delivers the promised benefits of AI to enterprises and consumers. Unlike conventional software or static inference, agentic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zain Asgar , Michelle Nguyen , Sachin Katti

Transformer architectures have become the standard neural network model for various machine learning applications including natural language processing and computer vision. However, the compute and memory requirements introduced by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Pratyush Dhingra , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Partha Pratim Pande

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by LLMs promise adaptive, reasoning-driven enterprise workflows, yet granting agents autonomous control over tools, memory, and communication introduces attack surfaces absent from deterministic pipelines.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Shaswata Mitra , Raj Patel , Sudip Mittal , Md Rayhanur Rahman , Shahram Rahimi

Training agentic models for terminal-based tasks critically depends on high-quality terminal trajectories that capture realistic long-horizon interactions across diverse domains. However, constructing such data at scale remains challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Siwei Wu , Yizhi Li , Yuyang Song , Wei Zhang , Yang Wang , Riza Batista-Navarro , Xian Yang , Mingjie Tang , Bryan Dai , Jian Yang , Chenghua Lin

In this paper we propose a novel virtual simulation-pilot engine for speeding up air traffic controller (ATCo) training by integrating different state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) based tools. The virtual simulation-pilot engine…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Juan Zuluaga-Gomez , Amrutha Prasad , Iuliia Nigmatulina , Petr Motlicek , Matthias Kleinert

In automated user interactive design, designers face key challenges, including accurate representation of user intent, crafting high-quality components, and ensuring both aesthetic and semantic consistency. Addressing these challenges, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Mingyue Yuan , Jieshan Chen , Aaron Quigley

Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) integrates data-driven inference with physical modeling to solve complex problems in science and engineering. However, the design of SciML architectures, loss formulations, and training strategies remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Qile Jiang , George Karniadakis

Synthetic data is becoming increasingly important for accelerating the development of language models, both large and small. Despite several successful use cases, researchers also raised concerns around model collapse and drawbacks of…

Transformer-based generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models achieve remarkable results in a wide range of fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. However, this comes at the cost of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Andrea Belano , Yvan Tortorella , Angelo Garofalo , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi , Francesco Conti

Large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems have shown promise for automated software development, but applying them to hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) embedded and Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems remains challenging due to the tight…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yiming Li , Yuhan Cheng , Mingchen Ma , Yihang Zou , Ningyuan Yang , Wei Cheng , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen , Tingjun Chen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is redefining the frontiers of scientific domains, ranging from drug discovery to meteorological modeling, yet its integration within industrial manufacturing remains nascent and fraught with operational…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yingjie Shi , Yiru Gong , Yiqun Su , Suya Xiong , Jiale Han , Runtian Miao

Agentic systems are becoming more capable: agents define strategies, take actions, and interact with different environments. This autonomy poses serious challenges for overseeing and assessing agent behavior. Most current tools are limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Asaf Yehudai , Lilach Eden , Michal Shmueli-Scheuer

We present tntorch, a tensor learning framework that supports multiple decompositions (including Candecomp/Parafac, Tucker, and Tensor Train) under a unified interface. With our library, the user can learn and handle low-rank tensors with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Mikhail Usvyatsov , Rafael Ballester-Ripoll , Konrad Schindler

The convergence of Agentic AI and MAS enables a new paradigm for intelligent decision making in SMS. Traditional MAS architectures emphasize distributed coordination and specialized autonomy, while recent advances in agentic AI driven by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Mojtaba A. Farahani , Md Irfan Khan , Thorsten Wuest

Analyzing textual data is the cornerstone of qualitative research. While traditional methods such as grounded theory and content analysis are widely used, they are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Topic modeling offers an automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Gerion Spielberger , Florian M. Artinger , Jochen Reb , Rudolf Kerschreiter

In this work, we present {\ae}net-PyTorch, a PyTorch-based implementation for training artificial neural network-based machine learning interatomic potentials. Developed as an extension of the atomic energy network ({\ae}net),…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-05-10 Jon Lopez-Zorrilla , Xabier M. Aretxabaleta , Inwon Yue , Inigo Etxebarria , Hegoi Manzano , Nongnuch Artrith

With the rapid development of LLM-based agents, there is a growing trend to incorporate agent-specific data into the pre-training stage of LLMs, aiming to better align LLMs with real-world autonomous task execution. However, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiarui Qin , Yunjia Xi , Junjie Huang , Renting Rui , Di Yin , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Xing Sun