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Using multimodal foundation models to analyze table images is a high-value yet challenging application in consumer and enterprise scenarios. Despite its importance, current evaluations rely largely on structured-text tables or clean…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Junzhe Huang , Xiaoxiao Sun , Yan Yang , Yuxuan Hou , Ruotian Zhang , Sirui Li , Hehe Fan , Serena Yeung-Levy , Xin Yu

Relation extraction (RE) is an indispensable information extraction task in several disciplines. RE models typically assume that named entity recognition (NER) is already performed in a previous step by another independent model. Several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Tung Tran , Ramakanth Kavuluru

Extracting table contents from documents such as scientific papers and financial reports and converting them into a format that can be processed by large language models is an important task in knowledge information processing. End-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Takaya Kawakatsu

Tables in scientific papers contain a wealth of valuable knowledge for the scientific enterprise. To help the many of us who frequently consult this type of knowledge, we present Tab2Know, a new end-to-end system to build a Knowledge Base…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Benno Kruit , Hongyu He , Jacopo Urbani

Tables serve as a fundamental format for representing structured relational data. While current language models (LMs) excel at many text-based tasks, they still face challenges in table understanding due to the complex characteristics of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Lang Cao , Hanbing Liu

Agentic web search increasingly faces two distinct demands: deep reasoning over a single target, and structured aggregation across many entities and heterogeneous sources. Current systems struggle on both fronts. Breadth-oriented tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuxuan Huang , Yihang Chen , Zhiyuan He , Yuxiang Chen , Ka Yiu Lee , Huichi Zhou , Weilin Luo , Meng Fang , Jun Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) perform well on many document understanding tasks, yet their reliability in specialized, non-English domains remains underexplored. This gap is especially critical in finance, where documents mix dense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Virginie Mouilleron , Théo Lasnier , Anna Mosolova , Djamé Seddah

Recent advancements in deep learning for tabular data have shown promise, but challenges remain in achieving interpretable and lightweight models. This paper introduces Table2Image, a novel framework that transforms tabular data into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Seungeun Lee , Il-Youp Kwak , Kihwan Lee , Subin Bae , Sangjun Lee , Seulbin Lee , Seungsang Oh

We present a novel deep-learning-based method to cluster words in documents which we apply to detect and recognize tables given the OCR output. We interpret table structure bottom-up as a graph of relations between pairs of words (belonging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Marek Polewczyk , Marco Spinaci

This work investigates the ability of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) to understand and interpret the structure of tables in scientific articles. Specifically, we explore whether VLLMs can infer the hierarchical structure of tables…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Luca Bindini , Simone Giovannini , Simone Marinai , Valeria Nardoni , Kimiya Noor Ali

Spreadsheet table detection is the task of detecting all tables on a given sheet and locating their respective ranges. Automatic table detection is a key enabling technique and an initial step in spreadsheet data intelligence. However, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Haoyu Dong , Shijie Liu , Shi Han , Zhouyu Fu , Dongmei Zhang

Enterprise documents, such as forms and reports, embed critical information for downstream applications like data archiving, automated workflows, and analytics. Although generalist Vision Language Models (VLMs) perform well on established…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mathieu Sibue , Andres Muñoz Garza , Samuel Mensah , Pranav Shetty , Zhiqiang Ma , Xiaomo Liu , Manuela Veloso

Extracting tables and key-value pairs from financial documents is essential for business workflows such as auditing, data analytics, and automated invoice processing. In this work, we introduce Spatial ModernBERT-a transformer-based model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Javis AI Team , Amrendra Singh , Maulik Shah , Dharshan Sampath

Structured data extraction from tables plays a crucial role in document image analysis for scanned documents and digital archives. Although many methods have been proposed to detect table structures and extract cell contents, accurately…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Suren Bandara

Multimodal embedding models have been crucial in enabling various downstream tasks such as semantic similarity, information retrieval, and clustering over different modalities. However, existing multimodal embeddings like VLM2Vec, E5-V, GME…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Rui Meng , Ziyan Jiang , Ye Liu , Mingyi Su , Xinyi Yang , Yuepeng Fu , Can Qin , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong , Yingbo Zhou , Wenhu Chen , Semih Yavuz

Localizing page elements/objects such as tables, figures, equations, etc. is the primary step in extracting information from document images. We propose a novel end-to-end trainable deep network, (CDeC-Net) for detecting tables present in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Madhav Agarwal , Ajoy Mondal , C. V. Jawahar

Search engines enable the retrieval of unknown information with texts. However, traditional methods fall short when it comes to understanding unfamiliar visual content, such as identifying an object that the model has never seen before.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zhixin Zhang , Yiyuan Zhang , Xiaohan Ding , Xiangyu Yue

Tabular data is a crucial form of information expression, which can organize data in a standard structure for easy information retrieval and comparison. However, in financial industry and many other fields tables are often disclosed in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Yiren Li , Zheng Huang , Junchi Yan , Yi Zhou , Fan Ye , Xianhui Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming attractive as few-shot reasoners to solve Natural Language (NL)-related tasks. However, the understanding of their capability to process structured data like tables remains an under-explored area.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Yuan Sui , Mengyu Zhou , Mingjie Zhou , Shi Han , Dongmei Zhang

Tables present summarized and structured information to the reader, which makes table structure extraction an important part of document understanding applications. However, table structure identification is a hard problem not only because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Saqib Ali Khan , Syed Muhammad Daniyal Khalid , Muhammad Ali Shahzad , Faisal Shafait