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This chapter provides an overview of tidal disruption events, aiming to provide an overview of both the theoretical and the observational state of the field, with the overarching goal of introducing them as tools to indirectly observe…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-27 Thomas Wevers , Taeho Ryu

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are occasionally seen in pairs, suggesting that tidal encounters are responsible for the accretion of material by both central supermassive black holes (BHs). In Paper I of this series, we selected a sample of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Xin Liu , Yue Shen , Michael A. Strauss

Massive black holes at galaxy center may tear apart a star when the star passes occasionally within the disruption radius, which is the so-called tidal disruption event(TDE). Most TDEs radiate with thermal emission resulted from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-06 Fang-Kun Peng , Qing-Wen Tang , Xiang-Yu Wang

As the sensitivity of gravitational wave (GW) instruments improves and new networks start operating, hundreds of merging stellar-mass black holes (SBHs) and intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are expected to be observed in the next few…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Giacomo Fragione , Rosalba Perna , Abraham Loeb

At present, there is a lack of effective probes to distinguish between mid-infrared (MIR) outbursts induced by tidal disruption events (TDEs) and changing-look active galactic nuclei (CLAGNs) based on only MIR data. Here, we propose that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-09 Yujun Yao , Jingjing Ye , Luming Sun , Ning Jiang , Megan Masterson , Xinwen Shu

Optical transient surveys have led to the discovery of dozens of stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) by massive black hole in the centers of galaxies. Despite extensive searches, X-ray follow-up observations have produced no or only weak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-23 Xinwen Shu , Wenjie Zhang , Shuo Li , Ning Jiang , Liming Dou , Zhen Yan , Fu-Guo Xie , Rongfeng Shen , Luming Sun , Fukun Liu , Tinggui Wang

The detection of GW231123, a gravitational-wave (GW) event with exceptionally massive and rapidly spinning black holes, suggests the possible formation within an active galactic nucleus (AGN) disk, which provides a favorable environment for…

We report the All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae discovery of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-23bd (AT 2023clx) in NGC 3799, a LINER galaxy with no evidence of strong AGN activity over the past decade. With a redshift of $z =…

We report the discovery of a faint optical tidal disruption event (TDE) in the nearby star-forming galaxy NGC 3799. Identification of the TDE is based on its position at the galaxy nucleus, a light curve declining as t^-5/3, a blue…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Jiazheng Zhu , Ning Jiang , Tinggui Wang , Shifeng Huang , Zheyu Lin , Yibo Wang , Jian-Guo Wang

In this paper, we investigate the gravitational wave (GW) emission from stars tidally disrupted by black holes (TDEs), using a semi-analytical approach. Contrary to previous works where this signal is modeled as a monochromatic burst, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-12 Martina Toscani , Luca Broggi , Alberto Sesana , Elena Maria Rossi

We analyze stellar tidal disruption events as a possible observational signature of gravitational wave induced recoil of supermassive black holes. As a black hole wanders through its galaxy, it will tidally disrupt bound and unbound stars…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Nicholas Stone , Abraham Loeb

This is the third sequel in a series discussing the discovery of various types of extragalactic transients with the {\it James Webb Space Telescope} in a narrow-field ($\sim 0.1$ deg$^2$), moderately deep ($m_{AB} \sim 27$ mag) survey. In…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-17 E. Regos , J. Vinko , Z. Stermeczky

We present hydrodynamic simulations with the moving-mesh code AREPO of Tidal Disruption Encores (TDEEs) in nuclear star clusters (NSCs). TDEEs arise when a stellar-mass black hole (sBH) disrupts a star within the NSC, producing debris that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-02 Ian P. A. Johnson , Taeho Ryu , Rosalba Perna

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star passes too close to a supermassive black hole and is destroyed by tidal gravitational forces. Radio observations of TDEs trace synchrotron emission from outflowing material that may be…

We present results from a systematic selection of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in a wide-area (4800~deg$^2$), $g+R$ band, Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) experiment. Our selection targets typical optically-selected TDEs:…

When a star passes through the tidal disruption radius of a massive black hole (BH), it can be torn apart by the tidal force of the BH, known as the Tidal Disruption Event (TDE). Since the observed UV/optical luminosity significantly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-17 Hengxiao Guo , Jingbo Sun , Shuang-Liang Li , Yan-Fei Jiang , Tinggui Wang , Defu Bu , Ning Jiang , Yanan Wang , Yuhan Yao , Rongfeng Shen , Minfeng Gu , Mouyuan Sun

The host galaxies of tidal disruption events (TDEs) have been shown to possess peculiar properties, including high central light concentrations, unusual star-formation histories, and ``green'' colors. The ubiquity of these large-scale…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-27 Erica Hammerstein , S. Bradley Cenko , Suvi Gezari , Sylvain Veilleux , Brendan O'Connor , Sjoert van Velzen , Charlotte Ward , Yuhan Yao , Matthew Graham

Massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) are a natural byproduct of galaxy mergers. Previous studies have shown that flares from stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) are modified by the presence of a secondary perturber, causing interruptions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-24 Angelo Ricarte , Priyamvada Natarajan , Lixin Dai , Paolo Coppi

We present the discovery that ATLAS18mlw was a tidal disruption event (TDE) in the galaxy WISEA J073544.83+663717.3, at a luminosity distance of 334 Mpc. Initially discovered by the Asteroid Terrestrial Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) on…

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star orbiting a massive black hole is sufficiently close to be tidally ripped apart by the black hole. AT 2022cmc is the first relativistic TDE that was observed (and discovered) as an optically…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-08 Aleksandar Cikota , Giorgos Leloudas , Mattia Bulla , Lixin Dai , Justyn Maund , Igor Andreoni