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Subgraph representation learning has been effective in solving various real-world problems. However, current graph neural networks (GNNs) produce suboptimal results for subgraph-level tasks due to their inability to capture complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Dongkwan Kim , Alice Oh

Graph neural networks (GNN) are deep learning architectures for graphs. Essentially, a GNN is a distributed message passing algorithm, which is controlled by parameters learned from data. It operates on the vertices of a graph: in each…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Martin Grohe , Eran Rosenbluth

Recently, subgraph GNNs have emerged as an important direction for developing expressive graph neural networks (GNNs). While numerous architectures have been proposed, so far there is still a limited understanding of how various design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Bohang Zhang , Guhao Feng , Yiheng Du , Di He , Liwei Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are the standard for learning on graphs, yet they have limited expressive power, often expressed in terms of the Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) hierarchy or within the framework of first-order logic. In this context,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Amirreza Akbari , Amauri H. Souza , Vikas Garg

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a dominant approach in graph representation learning, yet they often struggle to capture consistent similarity relationships among graphs. While graph kernel methods such as the Weisfeiler-Lehman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xuyuan Liu , Yinghao Cai , Qihui Yang , Yujun Yan

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are known to match the distinguishing power of the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehman (1-WL) test, and the resulting partitions coincide with the unfolding tree equivalence classes of graphs. Preserving this equivalence, GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Silvia Beddar-Wiesing , Alice Moallemy-Oureh

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a promising approach for ``learning to branch'' in Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP). While standard Message-Passing GNNs (MPNNs) are efficient, they theoretically lack the expressive power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Junru Zhou , Yicheng Wang , Pan Li

We propose a Graph Neural Network with greater expressive power than commonly used GNNs - not constrained to only differentiate between graphs that Weisfeiler-Lehman test recognizes to be non-isomorphic. We use a graph attention network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Stanisław Purgał

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved notable success in the analysis of non-Euclidean data across a wide range of domains. However, their applicability is constrained by the dependence on the observed graph structure. To solve this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Ziyan Wang , Yaxuan He , Bin Liu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated impressive performance across diverse graph-based tasks by leveraging message passing to capture complex node relationships. However, on large-scale real-world graphs, GNNs face two major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiang Li , Jianpeng Qi , Haobing Liu , Yuan Cao , Guoqing Chao , Zhongying Zhao , Junyu Dong , Xinwang Liu , Yanwei Yu

Graph neural network (GNN) is achieving remarkable performances in a variety of application domains. However, GNN is vulnerable to noise and adversarial attacks in input data. Making GNN robust against noises and adversarial attacks is an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Bharat Runwal , Vivek , Sandeep Kumar

Knowledge graphs, modeling multi-relational data, improve numerous applications such as question answering or graph logical reasoning. Many graph neural networks for such data emerged recently, often outperforming shallow architectures.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Pablo Barcelo , Mikhail Galkin , Christopher Morris , Miguel Romero Orth

The ability of graph neural networks (GNNs) to count certain graph substructures, especially cycles, is important for the success of GNNs on a wide range of tasks. It has been recently used as a popular metric for evaluating the expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Junru Zhou , Jiarui Feng , Xiyuan Wang , Muhan Zhang

Graph classification is an important learning task for graph-structured data. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently gained growing attention in graph learning and have shown significant improvements in many important graph problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Tao Wen , Elynn Chen , Yuzhou Chen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been regarded as the basic model to facilitate deep learning (DL) to revolutionize resource allocation in wireless networks. GNN-based models are shown to be able to learn the structural information about…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-06 Yang Lu , Yuhang Li , Ruichen Zhang , Wei Chen , Bo Ai , Dusit Niyato

The complicated syntax structure of natural language is hard to be explicitly modeled by sequence-based models. Graph is a natural structure to describe the complicated relation between tokens. The recent advance in Graph Neural Networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Wei Li , Shuheng Li , Shuming Ma , Yancheng He , Deli Chen , Xu Sun

Dynamic Graph Neural Networks (DyGNNs) have garnered increasing research attention for learning representations on evolving graphs. Despite their effectiveness, the limited expressive power of existing DyGNNs hinders them from capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Zhe Wang , Tianjian Zhao , Zhen Zhang , Jiawei Chen , Sheng Zhou , Yan Feng , Chun Chen , Can Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely applied to various fields due to their powerful representations of graph-structured data. Despite the success of GNNs, most existing GNNs are designed to learn node representations on the fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Seongjun Yun , Minbyul Jeong , Sungdong Yoo , Seunghun Lee , Sean S. Yi , Raehyun Kim , Jaewoo Kang , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have led to state-of-the-art performance on a variety of machine learning tasks such as recommendation, node classification and link prediction. Graph neural network models generate node embeddings by merging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yunpeng Weng , Xu Chen , Liang Chen , Wei Liu

Graphs can model complicated interactions between entities, which naturally emerge in many important applications. These applications can often be cast into standard graph learning tasks, in which a crucial step is to learn low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Xuexin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Yuan Fang , Min Wu , Zijian Li , Zhifeng Hao
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