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Partial differential equations (PDEs) govern a wide range of physical phenomena, but their numerical solution remains computationally demanding, especially when repeated simulations are required across many parameter settings. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hamda Hmida , Hsiu-Wen Chang Joly , Youssef Mesri

Neural operators (NOs) are a class of deep learning models designed to simultaneously solve infinitely many related problems by casting them into an infinite-dimensional space, whereon these NOs operate. A significant gap remains between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Anastasis Kratsios , Ariel Neufeld , Philipp Schmocker

Neural operators have emerged as powerful surrogates for partial differential equation (PDE) solvers, yet they are typically trained as monolithic models for individual PDEs, require energy-intensive GPU hardware, and must be retrained from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Samrendra Roy , Souvik Chakraborty , Rizwan-uddin , Syed Bahauddin Alam

By learning the mappings between infinite function spaces using carefully designed neural networks, the operator learning methodology has exhibited significantly more efficiency than traditional methods in solving complex problems such as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Ziyuan Liu , Haifeng Wang , Hong Zhang , Kaijuna Bao , Xu Qian , Songhe Song

Operator learning offers a powerful paradigm for solving parametric partial differential equations (PDEs), but scaling probabilistic neural operators such as the recently proposed Gaussian Processes Operators (GPOs) to high-dimensional,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-23 Sawan Kumar , Tapas Tripura , Rajdip Nayek , Souvik Chakraborty

Analyzing scalar and vector fields on the sphere, such as temperature or wind speed and direction on Earth, is a difficult task. Models should respect both the rotational symmetries of the sphere and the inherent symmetries of the vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Francesco Ballerin , Nello Blaser , Erlend Grong

Stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) are significant tools for modeling dynamics in many areas including atmospheric sciences and physics. Neural Operators, generations of neural networks with capability of learning maps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Peiyan Hu , Qi Meng , Bingguang Chen , Shiqi Gong , Yue Wang , Wei Chen , Rongchan Zhu , Zhi-Ming Ma , Tie-Yan Liu

In scientific machine learning (SciML), a key challenge is learning unknown, evolving physical processes and making predictions across spatio-temporal scales. For example, in real-world manufacturing problems like additive manufacturing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Vispi Karkaria , Doksoo Lee , Yi-Ping Chen , Yue Yu , Wei Chen

Solving ill-posed inverse problems necessitates effective regularization strategies to stabilize the inversion process against measurement noise. While classical methods like Tikhonov regularization require heuristic parameter tuning, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-24 Hang-Cheng Dong , Pengcheng Cheng , Shuhuan Li

Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have demonstrated exceptional accuracy in mapping functional spaces by leveraging Fourier transforms to establish a connection with underlying physical principles. However, their opaque inner workings often…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-04 Marco Cayuela , Vincent Le Chenadec , Peter Schmid , Taraneh Sayadi

The neural operator has emerged as a powerful tool in learning mappings between function spaces in PDEs. However, when faced with real-world physical data, which are often highly non-uniformly distributed, it is challenging to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Songming Liu , Zhongkai Hao , Chengyang Ying , Hang Su , Ze Cheng , Jun Zhu

Discovering hidden partial differential equations (PDEs) and operators from data is an important topic at the frontier between machine learning and numerical analysis. This doctoral thesis introduces theoretical results and deep learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Nicolas Boullé

Spherical equivariant graph neural networks (EGNNs) provide a principled framework for learning on three-dimensional molecular and biomolecular systems, where predictions must respect the rotational symmetries inherent in physics. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sophia Tang

The single-particle Green's function (GF) of mesoscopic structures plays a central role in mesoscopic quantum transport. The recursive GF technique is a standard tool to compute this quantity numerically, but it lacks physical transparency…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-22 Shu-Hui Zhang , Wen Yang , Kai Chang

The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been successfully applied in many fields during recent decades; however it lacks the ability to utilize prior domain knowledge when dealing with many realistic problems. We present a framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Yangling Ma , Yixin Luo , Zhouwang Yang

We propose the geometry-informed neural operator (GINO), a highly efficient approach to learning the solution operator of large-scale partial differential equations with varying geometries. GINO uses a signed distance function and…

Neural operators have emerged as fast surrogate solvers for parametric partial differential equations (PDEs). However, purely data-driven models often require extensive training data and can generalize poorly, especially in small-data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Heechang Kim , Qianying Cao , Hyomin Shin , Seungchul Lee , George Em Karniadakis , Minseok Choi

We present a novel graph-informed transformer operator (GITO) architecture for learning complex partial differential equation systems defined on irregular geometries and non-uniform meshes. GITO consists of two main modules: a hybrid graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Milad Ramezankhani , Janak M. Patel , Anirudh Deodhar , Dagnachew Birru

As artificial intelligence emerges as a transformative enabler for fusion energy commercialization, fast and accurate solvers become increasingly critical. In magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, rapid and accurate solution of the…

In this study, we address the challenge of obtaining a Green's function operator for linear partial differential equations (PDEs). The Green's function is well-sought after due to its ability to directly map inputs to solutions, bypassing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Rixi Peng , Juncheng Dong , Jordan Malof , Willie J. Padilla , Vahid Tarokh
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