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Purpose: The scarcity of high-quality curated labeled medical training data remains one of the major limitations in applying artificial intelligence (AI) systems to breast cancer diagnosis. Deep models for mammogram analysis and mass (or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Han Chen , Anne L. Martel

Deep learning models can generate virtual immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images, offering a scalable and low-cost alternative to laboratory IHC. However, reliable evaluation of image quality remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Tushar Kataria , Shikha Dubey , Mary Bronner , Jolanta Jedrzkiewicz , Ben J. Brintz , Shireen Y. Elhabian , Beatrice S. Knudsen

Recent advancements in digital pathology have led to the development of numerous foundational models that utilize self-supervised learning on patches extracted from gigapixel whole slide images (WSIs). While this approach leverages vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Juseung Yun , Yi Hu , Jinhyung Kim , Jongseong Jang , Soonyoung Lee

Whole slide imaging is fundamental to biomedical microscopy and computational pathology. Previously, learning representations for gigapixel-sized whole slide images (WSIs) has relied on multiple instance learning with weak labels, which do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Xinhai Hou , Cheng Jiang , Akhil Kondepudi , Yiwei Lyu , Asadur Chowdury , Honglak Lee , Todd C. Hollon

Histological staining is the gold standard for tissue examination in clinical pathology and life-science research, which visualizes the tissue and cellular structures using chromatic dyes or fluorescence labels to aid the microscopic…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 Bijie Bai , Xilin Yang , Yuzhu Li , Yijie Zhang , Nir Pillar , Aydogan Ozcan

Deep learning models that are trained on histopathological images obtained from a single lab and/or scanner give poor inference performance on images obtained from another scanner/lab with a different staining protocol. In recent years,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-07 Harshal Nishar , Nikhil Chavanke , Nitin Singhal

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides are central to cancer diagnosis and monitoring, visualizing tissue architecture and cellular morphology. However, H&E lacks the molecular specificity needed to distinguish cell states and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Tushar Kataria , Beatrice Knudsen , Shireen Y. Elhabian

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune disease which primarily affects the joint's synovial tissue. It is a highly heterogeneous disease, with wide cellular and molecular variability observed in synovial tissues. Over the last…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Amaya Gallagher-Syed , Abbas Khan , Felice Rivellese , Costantino Pitzalis , Myles J. Lewis , Gregory Slabaugh , Michael R. Barnes

Pathological diagnosis relies on the visual inspection of histologically stained thin tissue specimens, where different types of stains are applied to bring contrast to and highlight various desired histological features. However, the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-08-18 Xilin Yang , Bijie Bai , Yijie Zhang , Yuzhu Li , Kevin de Haan , Tairan Liu , Aydogan Ozcan

There is a strong need for automated systems to improve diagnostic quality and reduce the analysis time in histopathology image processing. Automated detection and classification of pathological tissue characteristics with computer-aided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Muhammed Talo

Stains are essential in histopathology to visualize specific tissue characteristics, with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) serving as the clinical standard. However, pathologists frequently utilize a variety of special stains for the diagnosis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Oskar Thaeter , Christian Grashei , Anette Haas , Elisa Schmoeckel , Han Li , Peter J. Schüffler

Histopathology foundation models (HFMs), pretrained on large-scale cancer datasets, have advanced computational pathology. However, their applicability to non-cancerous chronic kidney disease remains underexplored, despite coexistence of…

Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer with rapid progression and high metastatic potential. Accurate characterisation of tissue morphology in melanoma is crucial for prognosis and treatment planning. However, manual segmentation of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Jiaqi Lv , Yijie Zhu , Carmen Guadalupe Colin Tenorio , Brinder Singh Chohan , Mark Eastwood , Shan E Ahmed Raza

Deep learning-based virtual staining was developed to introduce image contrast to label-free tissue sections, digitally matching the histological staining, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and destructive to tissue. Standard…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-31 Yijie Zhang , Luzhe Huang , Tairan Liu , Keyi Cheng , Kevin de Haan , Yuzhu Li , Bijie Bai , Aydogan Ozcan

Pathological image analysis is a crucial field in computer-aided diagnosis, where deep learning is widely applied. Transfer learning using pre-trained models initialized on natural images has effectively improved the downstream pathological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-30 Nan Ying , Yanli Lei , Tianyi Zhang , Shangqing Lyu , Chunhui Li , Sicheng Chen , Zeyu Liu , Yu Zhao , Guanglei Zhang

Recent advancements in foundation models, typically trained with self-supervised learning on large-scale and diverse datasets, have shown great potential in medical image analysis. However, due to the significant spatial heterogeneity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Lingxiao Luo , Xuanzhong Chen , Bingda Tang , Xinsheng Chen , Rong Han , Chengpeng Hu , Yujiang Li , Ting Chen

The digitization of histology slides has revolutionized pathology, providing massive datasets for cancer diagnosis and research. Self-supervised and vision-language models have been shown to effectively mine large pathology datasets to…

While machine learning is currently transforming the field of histopathology, the domain lacks a comprehensive evaluation of state-of-the-art models based on essential but complementary quality requirements beyond a mere classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-11 Maximilian Springenberg , Annika Frommholz , Markus Wenzel , Eva Weicken , Jackie Ma , Nils Strodthoff

Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains play a vital role in a pathologist's analysis of medical images, providing crucial diagnostic information for various diseases. Virtual staining from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained whole slide images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-03 Sitong Liu , Kechun Liu , Samuel Margolis , Wenjun Wu , Stevan R. Knezevich , David E Elder , Megan M. Eguchi , Joann G Elmore , Linda Shapiro

Due to the recent advancements in machine vision, digital pathology has gained significant attention. Histopathology images are distinctly rich in visual information. The tissue glass slide images are utilized for disease diagnosis.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-02 Danial Maleki , Mehdi Afshari , Morteza Babaie , H. R. Tizhoosh