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The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence plays a central role in probabilistic machine learning, where it commonly serves as the canonical loss function. Optimization in such settings is often performed over the probability simplex, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Adwait Datar , Nihat Ay

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance when trained on independent and identically distributed data from a fixed set of classes. However, in real-world scenarios, it can be desirable to train models on a continuous stream of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Nicolas Michel , Giovanni Chierchia , Romain Negrel , Jean-François Bercher , Toshihiko Yamasaki

We show that for unconstrained Deep Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifiers, maximum-likelihood training admits pathological solutions in which class means drift together, covariances collapse, and the learned representation becomes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Maxat Tezekbayev , Rustem Takhanov , Arman Bolatov , Zhenisbek Assylbekov

We benchmark the robustness of maximum likelihood based uncertainty estimation methods to outliers in training data for regression tasks. Outliers or noisy labels in training data results in degraded performances as well as incorrect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Deebul S. Nair , Nico Hochgeschwender , Miguel A. Olivares-Mendez

We study the problem of learning Single-Index Models under the $L_2^2$ loss in the agnostic model. We give an efficient learning algorithm, achieving a constant factor approximation to the optimal loss, that succeeds under a range of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Nikos Zarifis , Puqian Wang , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas

We provide a statistical analysis of regularization-based continual learning on a sequence of linear regression tasks, with emphasis on how different regularization terms affect the model performance. We first derive the convergence rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xuyang Zhao , Huiyuan Wang , Weiran Huang , Wei Lin

Probabilistic modelling of power systems operation and planning processes depends on data-driven methods, which require sufficiently large datasets. When historical data lacks this, it is desired to model the underlying data generation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-26 Kutay Bölat , Simon H. Tindemans , Peter Palensky

We present theoretical properties of the log-concave maximum likelihood estimator of a density based on an independent and identically distributed sample in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Our study covers both the case where the true underlying density is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-01 Madeleine Cule , Richard Samworth

Score matching is an alternative to maximum likelihood (ML) for estimating a probability distribution parametrized up to a constant of proportionality. By fitting the ''score'' of the distribution, it sidesteps the need to compute this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Chirag Pabbaraju , Dhruv Rohatgi , Anish Sevekari , Holden Lee , Ankur Moitra , Andrej Risteski

Generative models have been successfully used for generating realistic signals. Because the likelihood function is typically intractable in most of these models, the common practice is to use "implicit" models that avoid likelihood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Itai Alon , Amir Globerson , Ami Wiesel

We study the task of learning Generalized Linear models (GLMs) in the agnostic model under the Gaussian distribution. We give the first polynomial-time algorithm that achieves a constant-factor approximation for \textit{any} monotone…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Nikos Zarifis , Puqian Wang , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas

Multi-Modal Learning (MML) integrates information from diverse modalities to improve predictive accuracy. While existing optimization strategies have made significant strides by mitigating gradient direction conflicts, we revisit MML from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Peizheng Guo , Jingyao Wang , Wenwen Qiang , Jiahuan Zhou , Changwen Zheng , Gang Hua

Models that employ latent variables to capture structure in observed data lie at the heart of many current unsupervised learning algorithms, but exact maximum-likelihood learning for powerful and flexible latent-variable models is almost…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-18 Li K. Wenliang , Theodore Moskovitz , Heishiro Kanagawa , Maneesh Sahani

Due to the drastic gap in complexity between sequential and batch statistical learning, recent work has studied a smoothed sequential learning setting, where Nature is constrained to select contexts with density bounded by 1/{\sigma} with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-27 Adam Block , Max Simchowitz

We consider the problem of sequentially maximising an unknown function over a set of actions while ensuring that every sampled point has a function value below a given safety threshold. We model the function using kernel-based and Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-21 Arpan Losalka , Jonathan Scarlett

It has been demonstrated in various contexts that monotonicity leads to better explainability in neural networks. However, not every function can be well approximated by a monotone neural network. We demonstrate that monotonicity can still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Jakob Paul Zimmermann , Georg Loho

Polychoric correlation is often an important building block in the analysis of rating data, particularly for structural equation models. However, the commonly employed maximum likelihood (ML) estimator is highly susceptible to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-11 Max Welz , Patrick Mair , Andreas Alfons

In this paper, we study the implicit regularization of the gradient descent algorithm in homogeneous neural networks, including fully-connected and convolutional neural networks with ReLU or LeakyReLU activations. In particular, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Kaifeng Lyu , Jian Li

We take a Bayesian perspective to illustrate a connection between training speed and the marginal likelihood in linear models. This provides two major insights: first, that a measure of a model's training speed can be used to estimate its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Clare Lyle , Lisa Schut , Binxin Ru , Yarin Gal , Mark van der Wilk

Triplet learning, i.e. learning from triplet data, has attracted much attention in computer vision tasks with an extremely large number of categories, e.g., face recognition and person re-identification. Albeit with rapid progress in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-21 Jun Chen , Hong Chen , Xue Jiang , Bin Gu , Weifu Li , Tieliang Gong , Feng Zheng
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