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Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently attracted wide interest for tackling software engineering tasks. In contrast to code generation, refactoring demands precise, semantics-preserving edits that improve program structure, which also…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yisen Xu , Jinqiu Yang , Tse-Hsun , Chen

Modern Large Language Model (LLM) agents promise end to end assistance with real-world software tasks, yet existing benchmarks evaluate LLM agents almost exclusively in pre-baked environments where every dependency is pre-installed. To fill…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Avi Arora , Jinu Jang , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Rapidly increasing context lengths have led to the assumption that large language models (LLMs) can directly reason over entire codebases. Concurrently, recent advances in LLMs have enabled strong performance on software engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ravi Raju , Mengmeng Ji , Shubhangi Upasani , Bo Li , Urmish Thakker

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) with respect to real-world code complexity is essential. Otherwise, there is a risk of overestimating LLMs' programming abilities based on simplistic benchmarks, only to be disappointed when using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yang Chen , Shuyang Liu , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Software engineering agents (SWE) are improving rapidly, with recent gains largely driven by reinforcement learning (RL). However, RL training is constrained by the scarcity of large-scale task collections with reproducible execution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ibragim Badertdinov , Maksim Nekrashevich , Anton Shevtsov , Alexander Golubev

Understanding and reasoning about entire software repositories is an essential capability for intelligent software engineering tools. While existing benchmarks such as CoSQA and CodeQA have advanced the field, they predominantly focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Weihan Peng , Yuling Shi , Yuhang Wang , Xinyun Zhang , Beijun Shen , Xiaodong Gu

In recent years, AI-based software engineering has progressed from pre-trained models to advanced agentic workflows, with Software Development Agents representing the next major leap. These agents, capable of reasoning, planning, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zhi Chen , Lingxiao Jiang

Software engineering (SWE) has recently emerged as a crucial testbed for next-generation LLM agents, demanding inherent capabilities in two critical dimensions: sustained iterative problem-solving (e.g., >50 interaction rounds) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Liang Zeng , Yongcong Li , Yuzhen Xiao , Changshi Li , Chris Yuhao Liu , Rui Yan , Tianwen Wei , Jujie He , Xuchen Song , Yang Liu , Yahui Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to various software engineering tasks, including code generation, bug detection, and repair. To evaluate model performance in these domains, numerous bug benchmarks containing real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Daniel Ramos , Claudia Mamede , Kush Jain , Paulo Canelas , Catarina Gamboa , Claire Le Goues

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown great potential in solving real-world software engineering (SWE) problems. The most advanced open-source SWE agent can resolve over 27% of real GitHub issues in SWE-Bench Lite. However, these…

Automatically resolving software issues is crucial for software development in practice, impacting the software quality and user experience. The process of resolving real-world issues encompasses tasks such as question-answering (QA), fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Ruida Hu , Chao Peng , Jingyi Ren , Bo Jiang , Xiangxin Meng , Qinyun Wu , Pengfei Gao , Xinchen Wang , Cuiyun Gao

Large language models (LLMs) now support automated software security tasks, including vulnerability discovery and proof-of-concept (PoC) generation. Existing benchmarks do not faithfully evaluate LLMs in real-world bug hunting scenarios…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hwiwon Lee , Jiawei Liu , Dongjun Kim , Ziqi Zhang , Chunqiu Steven Xia , Lingming Zhang

Issue resolution has made remarkable progress thanks to the advanced reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recently, agent-based frameworks such as SWE-agent have further advanced this progress by enabling autonomous,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Han Li , Yuling Shi , Shaoxin Lin , Xiaodong Gu , Heng Lian , Xin Wang , Yantao Jia , Tao Huang , Qianxiang Wang

The increasing deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) agents for complex software engineering tasks has created a need to understand their problem-solving behaviours beyond simple success metrics. While these agents demonstrate impressive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Oorja Majgaonkar , Zhiwei Fei , Xiang Li , Federica Sarro , He Ye

Agent-based program repair offers to automatically resolve complex bugs end-to-end by combining the planning, tool use, and code generation abilities of modern LLMs. Recent work has explored the use of agent-based repair approaches on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Pat Rondon , Renyao Wei , José Cambronero , Jürgen Cito , Aaron Sun , Siddhant Sanyam , Michele Tufano , Satish Chandra

In the digital age, ensuring the correctness, safety, and reliability of software through formal verification is paramount, particularly as software increasingly underpins critical infrastructure. Formal verification, split into theorem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhiyong Chen , Jialun Cao , Jiarong Wu , Chang Xu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Software engineering (SWE) agents are transitioning from code generation to full software development lifecycle automation. A critical phase in this lifecycle is specification design: transforming initial proposals into carefully considered…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Grant Hamblin , Kevin Song , Zhanda Zhu , Anand Jayarajan , Sihang Liu , Nandita Vijaykumar , Gennady Pekhimenko

Large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in software engineering (SE) due to their unprecedented performance across various applications. These models are increasingly being utilized for a range of SE tasks, including…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xing Hu , Feifei Niu , Junkai Chen , Xin Zhou , Junwei Zhang , Junda He , Xin Xia , David Lo

In this technical report, we present SWE-Master, an open-source and fully reproducible post-training framework for building effective software engineering agents. SWE-Master systematically explores the complete agent development pipeline,…

Current code-agent benchmarks primarily evaluate localized issue resolution within a single target repository, leaving under-tested many software engineering tasks that require external knowledge or broader repository-level changes. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Guoxin Chen , Fanzhe Meng , Jiale Zhao , Minghao Li , Daixuan Cheng , Huatong Song , Jie Chen , Yuzhi Lin , Hui Chen , Xin Zhao , Ruihua Song , Chang Liu , Cheng Chen , Kai Jia , Ji-Rong Wen