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Common remote sensing modalities (RGB, multispectral, hyperspectral imaging or LiDAR) are often used to indirectly measure crop health and do not directly capture plant stress indicators. Commercially available direct leaf sensors are…

Hyper-spectral imaging has recently gained increasing attention for use in different applications, including agricultural investigation, ground tracking, remote sensing and many other. However, the high cost, large physical size and…

Salinity stress poses a significant challenge to global agriculture, necessitating efficient and scalable approaches for early detection and management. This review examines advanced optical spectroscopic imaging techniques, including…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-03 Ramji Gupta , Snehprabha Gujrathi , Swati Sharma , Saurav Bharadwaj

Conventionally, human intuition defines vision as a modality of passive optical sensing, relying on ambient light to perceive the environment. However, active optical sensing, which involves emitting and receiving signals, offers unique…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Wei Gao , Jie Zhang , Mingle Zhao , Zhiyuan Zhang , Shu Kong , Maani Ghaffari , Dezhen Song , Cheng-Zhong Xu , Hui Kong

Hyperspectral imaging is useful for applications ranging from medical diagnostics to agricultural crop monitoring; however, traditional scanning hyperspectral imagers are prohibitively slow and expensive for widespread adoption. Snapshot…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-30 Kristina Monakhova , Kyrollos Yanny , Neerja Aggarwal , Laura Waller

Leaf wetness detection is a crucial task in agricultural monitoring, as it directly impacts the prediction and protection of plant diseases. However, existing sensing systems suffer from limitations in robustness, accuracy, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yimeng Liu , Maolin Gan , Yidong Ren , Gen Li , Jingkai Lin , Younsuk Dong , Zhichao Cao

We have implemented a multi-functional optofluidic sensor that can monitor changes in the refractive index and pressure of biofluid simultaneously and can detect free-solution molecular interaction in-situ. In this paper, we demonstrate two…

Optics · Physics 2014-10-16 Zhida Xu , Logan Liu

Light interacting with plant leaves undergoes reflection, transmission, scattering, and absorption, which together determine leaf optical properties. Changes in leaf architecture disrupt internal light scattering dynamics and consequently…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Da-Young Lee , Dong-Yeop Na

Object detection and semantic segmentation are two of the most widely adopted deep learning algorithms in agricultural applications. One of the major sources of variability in image quality acquired in the outdoors for such tasks is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Abhisesh Silwal , Tanvir Parhar , Francisco Yandun , George Kantor

For autonomous driving, an essential task is to detect surrounding objects accurately. To this end, most existing systems use optical devices, including cameras and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors, to collect environment data in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Jindi Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Kejie Lu , Jianping Wang , Kui Wu , Xiaohua Jia , Bin Liu

Our paper introduces a robust framework for the automated identification of diseases in plant leaf images. The framework incorporates several key stages to enhance disease recognition accuracy. In the pre-processing phase, a thumbnail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Abhishek Sebastian , Annis Fathima A , Pragna R , Madhan Kumar S , Yaswanth Kannan G , Vinay Murali

Automated and autonomous industrial inspection is a longstanding research field, driven by the necessity to enhance safety and efficiency within industrial settings. In addressing this need, we introduce an autonomously navigating robotic…

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a ubiquitous tool to provide precise spatial awareness in various perception environments. A bionic LiDAR that can mimic human-like vision by adaptively gazing at selected regions of interest within a…

Traditional glass-based optics are typically optimized for narrow spectral bands, such as the visible (400-700nm) or shortwave infrared (1000-1800nm). While the emergence of VIS-SWIR sensors (400-1700nm) offers transformative potential,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Vishwanath Saragadam , Niki Nezakati , Amit Roy-Chowdhury , Vivek Boominathan

Optical imaging systems are widely used in the drone industry (optical navigation, terrain scanners), industry (distance measurement, 3D visualization), security (optical scanners and motion sensors), robotics (motion sensors, terrain or…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-08-10 K. Khuseynzada , A. Sadigov , J. Naghiyev , F. Ahmadov , G. Ahmadov

Driven by the need to address labor shortages and meet the demands of a rapidly growing population, robotic automation has become a critical component in precision agriculture. Leaf-level hyperspectral spectroscopy is shown to be a powerful…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mehrad Mortazavi , David J. Cappelleri , Reza Ehsani

Pervasive sensing is transforming health and activity monitoring by enabling continuous and automated data collection through advanced sensing modalities. While extensive research has been conducted on human subjects, its application in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-21 Jeffrey D Shulkin , Abhipol Vibhatasilpin , Vedant Adhana

LiDAR (laser based radar) systems are a major part of many new real-world interactive systems, one of the most notable being autonomous cars. The current market LiDAR systems are limited by detector sensitivity: when output power is at…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-27 Yoni Sher , Lior Cohen , Daniel Istrati , Hagai S. Eisenberg

Flexible photonics offers the possibility to realize wearable sensors by bridging the advantages of flexible materials and photonic sensing elements. Recently, optical resonators have emerged as a tool to improve its over sensitivity by…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-22 Ningyuan Nie , Yu-Cheng Chen

The growth of 3D imaging across a range of sectors has driven a demand for high performance beam steering techniques. Fields as diverse as autonomous vehicles and medical imaging can benefit from a high speed, adaptable method of beam…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 B. Haylock , M. A. Baker , T. M. Stace , M. Lobino
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