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Enabling robots to learn novel visuomotor skills in a data-efficient manner remains an unsolved problem with myriad challenges. A popular paradigm for tackling this problem is through leveraging large unlabeled datasets that have many…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Maximilian Du , Suraj Nair , Dorsa Sadigh , Chelsea Finn

Some of the most important tasks take place in environments which lack cheap and perfect simulators, thus hampering the application of model-free reinforcement learning (RL). While model-based RL aims to learn a dynamics model, in a more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Marwin H. S. Segler

Planning methods can solve temporally extended sequential decision making problems by composing simple behaviors. However, planning requires suitable abstractions for the states and transitions, which typically need to be designed by hand.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Soroush Nasiriany , Vitchyr H. Pong , Steven Lin , Sergey Levine

Imitation learning (IL) enables agents to acquire skills directly from expert demonstrations, providing a compelling alternative to reinforcement learning. However, prior online IL approaches struggle with complex tasks characterized by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shangzhe Li , Zhiao Huang , Hao Su

We consider the problem of learning useful robotic skills from previously collected offline data without access to manually specified rewards or additional online exploration, a setting that is becoming increasingly important for scaling…

General-purpose control demands agents that act across many tasks and embodiments, yet research on reinforcement learning (RL) for continuous control remains dominated by single-task or offline regimes, reinforcing a view that online RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Nicklas Hansen , Hao Su , Xiaolong Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising path toward embodied intelligence, yet they often overlook the predictive and temporal-causal structure underlying visual dynamics. World-model VLAs address this by predicting future…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Fuxiang Yang , Donglin Di , Lulu Tang , Xuancheng Zhang , Lei Fan , Hao Li , Chen Wei , Tonghua Su , Baorui Ma

Visual-Language-Action models (VLAs) have advanced generalist robot control by mapping multimodal observations and language instructions directly to actions, but sparse action supervision often encourages shortcut mappings rather than…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hao Luo , Wanpeng Zhang , Yicheng Feng , Sipeng Zheng , Haiweng Xu , Chaoyi Xu , Ziheng Xi , Yuhui Fu , Zongqing Lu

Learning-based methods have improved locomotion skills of quadruped robots through deep reinforcement learning. However, the sim-to-real gap and low sample efficiency still limit the skill transfer. To address this issue, we propose an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Haojie Shi , Tingguang Li , Qingxu Zhu , Jiapeng Sheng , Lei Han , Max Q. -H. Meng

Legged locomotion over various terrains is challenging and requires precise perception of the robot and its surroundings from both proprioception and vision. However, learning directly from high-dimensional visual input is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Hang Lai , Jiahang Cao , Jiafeng Xu , Hongtao Wu , Yunfeng Lin , Tao Kong , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang

A general-purpose intelligent robot must be able to learn autonomously and be able to accomplish multiple tasks in order to be deployed in the real world. However, standard reinforcement learning approaches learn separate task-specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Gregory Kahn , Adam Villaflor , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

World models improve a learning agent's ability to efficiently operate in interactive and situated environments. This work focuses on the task of building world models of text-based game environments. Text-based games, or interactive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Mark O. Riedl

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) enjoys several benefits, such as data-efficiency and planning, by learning a model of the environment's dynamics. However, learning a global model that can generalize across different dynamics is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Kimin Lee , Younggyo Seo , Seunghyun Lee , Honglak Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Model-based control requires an accurate model of the system dynamics for precisely and safely controlling the robot in complex and dynamic environments. Moreover, in the presence of variations in the operating conditions, the model should…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Alessandro Saviolo , Jonathan Frey , Abhishek Rathod , Moritz Diehl , Giuseppe Loianno

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) refers to the problem of learning policies from a static dataset of environment interactions. Offline RL enables extensive use and re-use of historical datasets, while also alleviating safety concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Rafael Rafailov , Tianhe Yu , Aravind Rajeswaran , Chelsea Finn

Visual event perception tasks such as action localization have primarily focused on supervised learning settings under a static observer, i.e., the camera is static and cannot be controlled by an algorithm. They are often restricted by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Shubham Trehan , Sathyanarayanan N. Aakur

Reinforcement learning (RL) can refine Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies beyond behavior cloning, but real-world RL remains expensive due to extensive rollouts, resets, supervision, and safety risks. Action-conditioned video world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiaokang Liu , Zechen Bai , Hai Ci , Kevin Yuchen Ma , Mike Zheng Shou

Recently, world models have been incorporated into the autonomous driving systems to improve the planning reliability. Existing approaches typically predict future states through appearance generation or deterministic regression, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Xiaolu Liu , Yicong Li , Song Wang , Junbo Chen , Angela Yao , Jianke Zhu

Unlike the sparse label action detection task, where a single action occurs in each timestamp of a video, in a dense multi-label scenario, actions can overlap. To address this challenging task, it is necessary to simultaneously learn (i)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Faegheh Sardari , Armin Mustafa , Philip J. B. Jackson , Adrian Hilton

In this paper, we describe a novel approach to imitation learning that infers latent policies directly from state observations. We introduce a method that characterizes the causal effects of latent actions on observations while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Ashley D. Edwards , Himanshu Sahni , Yannick Schroecker , Charles L. Isbell
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