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Reinforcement learning is a machine learning approach based on behavioral psychology. It is focused on learning agents that can acquire knowledge and learn to carry out new tasks by interacting with the environment. However, a problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Hugo Muñoz , Ernesto Portugal , Angel Ayala , Bruno Fernandes , Francisco Cruz

This article reviews recent advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms for large-scale control systems and communication networks, which learn to communicate and cooperate. We provide an overview of this emerging field, with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Donghwan Lee , Niao He , Parameswaran Kamalaruban , Volkan Cevher

Recent work leverages the capabilities and commonsense priors of generative models for robot control. In this paper, we present an agentic control system in which a reasoning-capable language model plans and executes tasks by selecting and…

Modern open-world agents such as OpenClaw exhibit powerful cross-environment execution capabilities yet introduce broad new safety risk sources. Meanwhile, advanced frontier AI models drastically lower attack barriers, rendering current…

Existing Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents operate through step-by-step calls to vision language models--taking a screenshot, reasoning about the next action, executing it, then repeating on the new page--resulting in high costs and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Hongbin Zhong , Fazle Faisal , Luis França , Tanakorn Leesatapornwongsa , Adriana Szekeres , Kexin Rong , Suman Nath

We introduce a multi-agent meta-modeling game to generate data, knowledge, and models that make predictions on constitutive responses of elasto-plastic materials. We introduce a new concept from graph theory where a modeler agent is tasked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Kun Wang , WaiChing Sun , Qiang Du

Large Language Model (LLM) based multi-agent systems (MAS) have shown promise in tackling complex tasks, but often rely on predefined roles and centralized coordination, limiting their adaptability to evolving challenges. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Siyuan Lu , Jiaqi Shao , Bing Luo , Tao Lin

Large language models are increasingly deployed as complex agentic systems that scale with task complexity. While prior work has extensively explored model- and system-level scaling, algorithm- and task-level scaling remain largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zizhang Luo , Yuhao Luo , Youwei Xiao , Yansong Xu , Runlin Guo , Yun Liang

Training large language models (LLMs) as autonomous agents often begins with imitation learning, but it only teaches agents what to do without understanding why: agents never contrast successful actions against suboptimal alternatives and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Weize Liu , Minghui Liu , Sy-Tuyen Ho , Souradip Chakraborty , Xiyao Wang , Furong Huang

Augmented Reality (AR) offers powerful visualization capabilities for industrial robot training, yet current interfaces remain predominantly static, failing to account for learners' diverse cognitive profiles. In this paper, we present an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Nicolas Leins , Jana Gonnermann-Müller , Malte Teichmann , Sebastian Pokutta

Imitation learning algorithms can be used to learn a policy from expert demonstrations without access to a reward signal. However, most existing approaches are not applicable in multi-agent settings due to the existence of multiple (Nash)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Jiaming Song , Hongyu Ren , Dorsa Sadigh , Stefano Ermon

While theory and practice are often seen as separate domains, this article shows that theoretical insight is essential for overcoming real-world engineering barriers. We begin with a practical challenge: training a cross-morphology embodied…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Shaoshan Liu , Fan Wang , Hongjun Zhou , Yuanfeng Wang

Reinforcement learning algorithms require a large amount of samples; this often limits their real-world applications on even simple tasks. Such a challenge is more outstanding in multi-agent tasks, as each step of operation is more costly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Yali Du , Chengdong Ma , Yuchen Liu , Runji Lin , Hao Dong , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

This paper addresses the challenges of rapid resource variation and highly uncertain task loads in cloud computing environments. It proposes an optimization method for elastic cloud resource scaling based on a multi-agent system. The method…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Bruce Fang , Danyi Gao

Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a paradigm shift from reactive systems to proactive, autonomous decision making frameworks. Existing AI-based educational systems remain fragmented and lack multi-level integration across…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arya Mary K J , Deepthy K Bhaskar , Sinu T S , Binu V P

Determining what experience to generate to best facilitate learning (i.e. exploration) is one of the distinguishing features and open challenges in reinforcement learning. The advent of distributed agents that interact with parallel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Tom Schaul , Diana Borsa , David Ding , David Szepesvari , Georg Ostrovski , Will Dabney , Simon Osindero

The emergence of agentic reinforcement learning (Agentic RL) marks a paradigm shift from conventional reinforcement learning applied to large language models (LLM RL), reframing LLMs from passive sequence generators into autonomous,…

Designing artificial cyber-agents able to interact with human safely, smartly and in a natural way is a current open problem in control. Solving such an issue will allow the design of cyber-agents capable of co-operatively interacting with…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Maria Lombardi , Davide Liuzza , Mario di Bernardo

This paper tackles the problem of how to pre-train a model and make it generally reusable backbones for downstream task learning. In pre-training, we propose a method that builds an agent-environment interaction model by learning domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Jun Jin , Hongming Zhang , Jun Luo