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The advent of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has significantly enhanced the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce factually accurate and up-to-date responses. However, the performance of a RAG system is not determined by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haoyu Tian , Yingchaojie Feng , Zhen Wen , Haoxuan Li , Minfeng Zhu , Wei Chen

Semantic search in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems is often insufficient for complex information needs, particularly when relevant evidence is scattered across multiple sources. Prior approaches to this problem include agentic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ruizhong Miao , Yuying Wang , Rongguang Wang , Chenyang Li , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Large language models like ChatGPT are increasingly used in classrooms, but they often provide outdated or fabricated information that can mislead students. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of LLMs by grounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Amay Jain , Liu Cui , Si Chen

Given the growing trend of many organizations integrating Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) into their operations, we assess RAG on domain-specific data and test state-of-the-art models across various optimization techniques. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Gentrit Fazlija , Andrei Staradubets , Florian Matthes

Despite Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) showing promising capability in leveraging external knowledge, a comprehensive evaluation of RAG systems is still challenging due to the modular nature of RAG, evaluation of long-form responses…

This paper investigates the enhancement of scientific literature chatbots through retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), with a focus on evaluating vector- and graph-based retrieval systems. The proposed chatbot leverages both structured…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Hamideh Ghanadian , Amin Kamali , Mohammad Hossein Tekieh

Embedding-based dense retrieval has become the cornerstone of many critical applications, where approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) queries are often combined with filters on labels such as dates and price ranges. Graph-based indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yicheng Jin , Yongji Wu , Wenjun Hu , Bruce M. Maggs , Jun Yang , Xiao Zhang , Danyang Zhuo

KV cache growth is a major bottleneck for long-context inference in large language models. Existing methods are often dominated by binary eviction or representation approximation, which may underutilize tokens that are not critical for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yuping Lin , Jiayuan Ding , Yue Xing , Pengfei He , Jiliang Tang , Subhabrata Mukherjee

The conventional use of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture has proven effective for retrieving information from diverse documents. However, challenges arise in handling complex table queries, especially within PDF…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Uday Allu , Biddwan Ahmed , Vishesh Tripathi

Recently the retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been successfully applied in code generation. However, existing pipelines for retrieval-augmented code generation (RACG) employ static knowledge bases with a single source, limiting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Hongjin Su , Shuyang Jiang , Yuhang Lai , Haoyuan Wu , Boao Shi , Che Liu , Qian Liu , Tao Yu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) connects large language models (LLMs) to external knowledge, but single-round retrieval is often insufficient for complex multi-hop questions. To enhance search capabilities for complex tasks, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kun Chen , Qingchao Kong , Zhao Feifei , Wenji Mao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems combine vector similarity search with large language models (LLMs) to deliver accurate, context-aware responses. However, co-locating the vector retriever and the LLM on shared GPU infrastructure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Junkyum Kim , Divya Mahajan

Retrieval-augmented language models can better adapt to changes in world state and incorporate long-tail knowledge. However, most existing methods retrieve only short contiguous chunks from a retrieval corpus, limiting holistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Parth Sarthi , Salman Abdullah , Aditi Tuli , Shubh Khanna , Anna Goldie , Christopher D. Manning

Question-answering (QA) is an important application of Information Retrieval (IR) and language models, and the latest trend is toward pre-trained large neural networks with embedding parameters. Augmenting QA performances with these LLMs…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lixiao Yang , Mengyang Xu , Weimao Ke

There is an increasing adoption of machine learning for encoding data into vectors to serve online recommendation and search use cases. As a result, recent data management systems propose augmenting query processing with online vector…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as one of the most prominent applications of vector databases. By integrating documents retrieved from a database into the prompt of a large language model (LLM), RAG enables more reliable…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Wenqi Jiang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become the standard paradigm for grounding Large Language Model outputs in external knowledge. Lumer et al. [1] presented the first systematic evaluation comparing vector-based agentic RAG against…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Afshan Hashmi

The introduction of new features and services in the banking sector often overwhelms customers, creating an opportunity for banks to enhance user experience through financial chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs). We initiated an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Hamza Landolsi , Kais Letaief , Nizar Taghouti , Ines Abdeljaoued-Tej

Multimodal encoders have pushed the boundaries of visual document retrieval, matching textual query tokens directly to image patches and achieving state-of-the-art performance on public benchmarks. Recent models relying on this paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Omri Uzan , Asaf Yehudai , Roi pony , Eyal Shnarch , Ariel Gera

Retrieving the most similar vector embeddings to a given query among a massive collection of vectors has long been a key component of countless real-world applications. The recently introduced Retrieval-Augmented Generation is one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Cecilia Aguerrebere , Mark Hildebrand , Ishwar Singh Bhati , Theodore Willke , Mariano Tepper
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