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We investigate the feasibility of early fault-tolerant quantum algorithms focusing on ground-state energy estimation problems. In particular, we examine the computation of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the spectral measure…

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants underpin modern machine learning by enabling efficient optimization of large-scale models. However, their local search nature limits exploration in complex landscapes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Sirui Peng , Shengminjie Chen , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

Variational quantum eigensolver~(VQE) typically optimizes variational parameters in a quantum circuit to prepare eigenstates for a quantum system. Its applications to many problems may involve a group of Hamiltonians, e.g., Hamiltonian of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-19 Zhan-Hao Yuan , Tao Yin , Dan-Bo Zhang

In the near-term, hybrid quantum-classical algorithms hold great potential for outperforming classical approaches. Understanding how these two computing paradigms work in tandem is critical for identifying areas where such hybrid algorithms…

Quantum computers offer a promising route to tackling problems that are classically intractable such as in prime-factorization, solving large-scale linear algebra and simulating complex quantum systems, but potentially require…

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as promising methods for tackling complex problems on near-term quantum devices. Among these algorithms, the Variational Quantum Linear Solver (VQLS) addresses linear systems of the form…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Gloria Turati , Alessia Marruzzo , Maurizio Ferrari Dacrema , Paolo Cremonesi

This letter introduces a novel compact and lossless quantum microgrid formation (qMGF) approach to achieve efficient operational optimization of the power system and improvement of resilience. This is achieved through lossless reformulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Chaofan Lin , Peng Zhang , Mikhail A. Bragin , Yacov A. Shamash

Hybrid quantum-classical optimization algorithms represent one of the most promising application for near-term quantum computers. In these algorithms the goal is to optimize an observable quantity with respect to some classical parameters,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-27 Leonardo Banchi , Gavin E. Crooks

Nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are crucial for modeling complex fluid dynamics and are foundational to many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applications. However, solving these nonlinear PDEs is challenging due to the…

In this work, we design quantum algorithms that are more efficient than classical algorithms to solve time-dependent and finite-horizon Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) in two distinct settings: (1) In the exact dynamics setting, where the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Bin Luo , Yuwen Huang , Jonathan Allcock , Xiaojun Lin , Shengyu Zhang , John C. S. Lui

Generative models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving physics systems and modeling complex spatiotemporal dynamics. However, achieving high physical accuracy without incurring high computational cost remains a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiahe Huang , Sihan Xu , Sharvaree Vadgama , Rose Yu

Many optimization methods for training variational quantum algorithms are based on estimating gradients of the cost function. Due to the statistical nature of quantum measurements, this estimation requires many circuit evaluations, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-14 Lennart Bittel , Jens Watty , Martin Kliesch

Quantum linear system algorithms (QLSA) have the potential to speed up Interior Point Methods (IPM). However, a major challenge is that QLSAs are inexact and sensitive to the condition number of the coefficient matrices of linear systems.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-12 Mohammadhossein Mohammadisiahroudi , Zeguan Wu , Brandon Augustino , Arriele Carr , Tamás Terlaky

The capacity for solving eigenstates with a quantum computer is key for ultimately simulating physical systems. Here we propose inverse iteration quantum eigensolvers, which exploit the power of quantum computing for the classical inverse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Min-Quan He , Dan-Bo Zhang , Z. D. Wang

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are a modern family of quantum algorithms designed to solve optimization problems using a quantum computer. Typically VQAs rely on a feedback loop between the quantum device and a classical optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-26 Alexey Uvarov

Gradient-based optimizers have been proposed for training variational quantum circuits in settings such as quantum neural networks (QNNs). The task of gradient estimation, however, has proven to be challenging, primarily due to distinctive…

Lattice Gas Automata (LGA) is a classical method for simulating physical phenomena, including Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Quantum LGA (QLGA) is the family of methods that implement LGA schemes on quantum computers. In recent years,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Călin A. Georgescu , Merel A. Schalkers , Matthias Möller

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a cornerstone of classical scientific computing, and there is growing interest in whether quantum computers can accelerate such simulations. To date, the existing proposals for fault-tolerant quantum…

Flow models are a cornerstone of modern machine learning. They are generative models that progressively transform probability distributions according to learned dynamics. Specifically, they learn a continuous-time Markov process that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 David Layden , Ryan Sweke , Vojtěch Havlíček , Anirban Chowdhury , Kirill Neklyudov

Quantum optimal control can play a crucial role to realize a set of universal quantum logic gates with error rates below the threshold required for fault-tolerance. Open-loop quantum optimal control relies on accurate modeling of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Guanru Feng , Franklin H. Cho , Hemant Katiyar , Jun Li , Dawei Lu , Jonathan Baugh , Raymond Laflamme