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In this monograph, we study complexity classes that are defined using $O(\log n)$-space bounded non-deterministic Turing machines. We prove salient results of Computational Complexity in this topic such as the Immerman-Szelepcsenyi Theorem,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-17 T. C. Vijayaraghavan

We introduce the problem EndOfPotentialLine and the corresponding complexity class EOPL of all problems that can be reduced to it in polynomial time. This class captures problems that admit a single combinatorial proof of their joint…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-04-19 John Fearnley , Spencer Gordon , Ruta Mehta , Rahul Savani

In this paper, we study the sequential convex programming method with monotone line search (SCP$_{ls}$) in [46] for a class of difference-of-convex (DC) optimization problems with multiple smooth inequality constraints. The SCP$_{ls}$ is a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Peiran Yu , Ting Kei Pong , Zhaosong Lu

In this paper, we develop a quantified propositional proof systems that corresponds to logarithmic-space reasoning. We begin by defining a class SigmaCNF(2) of quantified formulas that can be evaluated in log space. Then our new proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-01-29 Steven Perron

The constraint satisfaction probem (CSP) is a well-acknowledged framework in which many combinatorial search problems can be naturally formulated. The CSP may be viewed as the problem of deciding the truth of a logical sentence consisting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hubie Chen

We show that every language in NP has a PCP verifier that tosses $O(\log n)$ random coins, has perfect completeness, and a soundness error of at most $1/\text{poly}(n)$, while making at most $O(\text{poly}\log\log n)$ queries into a proof…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Irit Dinur , Prahladh Harsha , Guy Kindler

For finitely generated nilpotent groups, we employ Mal'cev coordinates to solve several classical algorithmic problems efficiently. Computation of normal forms, the membership problem, the conjugacy problem, and computation of presentations…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Jeremy Macdonald , Alexei Myasnikov , Andrey Nikolaev , Svetla Vassileva

Based on our \bl{\textbf{Random Duality Theory (RDT)}}, in a sequence of our recent papers \cite{Stojnicclupint19,Stojnicclupcmpl19,Stojnicclupplt19}, we introduced a powerful algorithmic mechanism (called \bl{\textbf{CLuP}}) that can be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Mihailo Stojnic

Optimization problems such as the NP-complete 3-SAT provide an important benchmark for the difficult task of finding ground-states in strongly correlated many-body systems with rugged energy landscapes. The study of random 3-SAT problems as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-21 J. Schwardt , J. C. Budich

We provide a constraint based computational model of linear precedence as employed in the HPSG grammar formalism. An extended feature logic which adds a wide range of constraints involving precedence is described. A sound, complete and…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Suresh Manandhar

We prove a space-space trade-off for directed $st$-connectivity in the catalytic space model. For any integer $k \leq n$, we give an algorithm that decides directed $st$-connectivity using $O(\log n \cdot \log k+\log n)$ regular workspace…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Roman Edenhofer

Pre-trained Vision-Language (VL) models such as CLIP have demonstrated their excellent performance across numerous downstream tasks. A recent method, Context Optimization (CoOp), further improves the performance of VL models on downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Biao Liu , Wenyi Fang , Xiaoyu Wu , Yang Zheng , Zheng Hu , Bo Yuan

In the number partitioning problem (NPP) one aims to partition a given set of $N$ real numbers into two subsets with approximately equal sum. The NPP is a well-studied optimization problem and is famous for possessing a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Rushil Mallarapu , Mark Sellke

Correlation Clustering (CC) is a fundamental unsupervised learning primitive whose strongest LP-based approximation guarantees require $\Theta(n^3)$ triangle inequality constraints and are prohibitive at scale. We initiate the study of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) are propelling us toward artificial general intelligence with their remarkable emergent abilities and reasoning capabilities. However, the substantial computational and memory requirements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Ruihao Gong , Yang Yong , Shiqiao Gu , Yushi Huang , Chengtao Lv , Yunchen Zhang , Xianglong Liu , Dacheng Tao

We propose a unifying framework for smoothed analysis of combinatorial local optimization problems, and show how a diverse selection of problems within the complexity class PLS can be cast within this model. This abstraction allows us to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yiannis Giannakopoulos , Alexander Grosz , Themistoklis Melissourgos

We develop catalytic algorithms for fundamental problems in algorithm design that run in polynomial time, use only $\mathcal{O}(\log(n))$ workspace, and use sublinear catalytic space matching the best-known space bounds of non-catalytic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Petr Chmel , Aditi Dudeja , Michal Koucký , Ian Mertz , Ninad Rajgopal

With the aggressive scaling of VLSI technology, the explosion of layout patterns creates a critical bottleneck for DFM applications like OPC. Pattern clustering is essential to reduce data complexity, yet existing methods struggle with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shuo Liu

The Model-Constructing Satisfiability Calculus (MCSAT) framework has been applied to SMT problems over various arithmetic theories. NLSAT, an implementation using cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) for explanation, is especially…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhonghan Wang

Efficient implementations of DPLL with the addition of clause learning are the fastest complete Boolean satisfiability solvers and can handle many significant real-world problems, such as verification, planning and design. Despite its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 P. Beame , H. Kautz , A. Sabharwal