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In this paper, we consider algorithms for edge-coloring multigraphs $G$ of bounded maximum degree, i.e., $\Delta(G) = O(1)$. Shannon's theorem states that any multigraph of maximum degree $\Delta$ can be properly edge-colored with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Abhishek Dhawan

The celebrated palette sparsification result of [Assadi, Chen, and Khanna SODA'19] shows that to compute a $\Delta+1$ coloring of the graph, where $\Delta$ denotes the maximum degree, it suffices if each node limits its color choice to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Maxime Flin , Mohsen Ghaffari , Magnús M. Halldórsson , Fabian Kuhn , Alexandre Nolin

We present a simple deterministic distributed algorithm that computes a $(\Delta+1)$-vertex coloring in $O(\log^2 \Delta \cdot \log n)$ rounds. The algorithm can be implemented with $O(\log n)$-bit messages. The algorithm can also be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mohsen Ghaffari , Fabian Kuhn

Vizing's celebrated theorem states that every simple graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ admits a $(\Delta+1)$ edge coloring which can be found in $O(m \cdot n)$ time on $n$-vertex $m$-edge graphs. This is just one color more than the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Sepehr Assadi

Graph coloring is one of the central problems in distributed graph algorithms. Much of the research on this topic has focused on coloring with $\Delta+1$ colors, where $\Delta$ denotes the maximum degree. Using $\Delta+1$ colors may be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Mohsen Ghaffari , Christiana Lymouri

Graph coloring is a fundamental problem in computer science. In the semi-streaming model, an input graph $G$ on $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$ is presented as a stream of edges, and the goal is to compute a vertex coloring using a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shiri Chechik , Hongyi Chen , Tianyi Zhang

In this paper we present a deterministic CONGEST algorithm to compute an $O(k\Delta)$-vertex coloring in $O(\Delta/k)+\log^* n$ rounds, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of the network graph and $1\leq k\leq O(\Delta)$ can be freely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Yannic Maus

In this paper, we present improved algorithms for the $(\Delta+1)$ (vertex) coloring problem in the Congested-Clique model of distributed computing. In this model, the input is a graph on $n$ nodes, initially each node knows only its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Merav Parter

Several recent results from dynamic and sublinear graph coloring are surveyed. This problem is widely studied and has motivating applications like network topology control, constraint satisfaction, and real-time resource scheduling. Graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Noam Benson-Tilsen

Brooks' theorem states that all connected graphs but odd cycles and cliques can be colored with $\Delta$ colors, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of the graph. Such colorings have been shown to admit non-trivial distributed algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yann Bourreau , Sebastian Brandt , Alexandre Nolin

This paper studies the fundamental problem of graph coloring in fully dynamic graphs. Since the problem of computing an optimal coloring, or even approximating it to within $n^{1-\epsilon}$ for any $\epsilon > 0$, is NP-hard in static…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Shay Solomon , Nicole Wein

We present trade-offs in the incremental and fully dynamic settings to maintian a proper coloring. For any fully dynamic $2$-coloring algorithm, the maximum of the update time, number of recolorings, and query time is $\Omega(\log n)$. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Manas Jyoti Kashyop , N. S. Narayanaswamy , Meghana Nasre , Sai Mohith Potluri

The distributed coloring problem is arguably one of the key problems studied in the area of distributed graph algorithms. The most standard variant of the problem asks for a proper vertex coloring of a graph with $\Delta+1$ colors, where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Marc Fuchs , Fabian Kuhn

Let $\epsilon \in (0, 1)$ and $n, \Delta \in \mathbb N$ be such that $\Delta = \Omega\left(\max\left\{\frac{\log n}{\epsilon},\, \left(\frac{1}{\epsilon}\log \frac{1}{\epsilon}\right)^2\right\}\right)$. Given an $n$-vertex $m$-edge simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Abhishek Dhawan

With few exceptions (namely, algorithms for maximal matching, $2$-approximate vertex cover, and certain constant-stretch spanners), all known fully dynamic algorithms in general graphs require (amortized) $\Omega(\log n)$ update/query time.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Monika Henzinger , Pan Peng

Vizing showed that it suffices to color the edges of a simple graph using $\Delta + 1$ colors, where $\Delta$ is the maximum degree of the graph. However, up to this date, no efficient distributed edge-coloring algorithms are known for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Hsin-Hao Su , Hoa T. Vu

We give a new randomized distributed algorithm for the $\Delta+1$-list coloring problem. The algorithm and its analysis dramatically simplify the previous best result known of Chang, Li, and Pettie [SICOMP 2020]. This allows for numerous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Magnús M. Halldórsson , Alexandre Nolin , Tigran Tonoyan

Given a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$, it is known that $G$ admits a vertex coloring with $\Delta + 1$ colors such that no edge of $G$ is monochromatic. This can be seen constructively by a simple greedy algorithm,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Jackson Morris , Fang Song

Consider the following simple coloring algorithm for a graph on $n$ vertices. Each vertex chooses a color from $\{1, \dotsc, \Delta(G) + 1\}$ uniformly at random. While there exists a conflicted vertex choose one such vertex uniformly at…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Daniel Bertschinger , Johannes Lengler , Anders Martinsson , Robert Meier , Angelika Steger , Miloš Trujić , Emo Welzl

The distributed (Delta + 1)-coloring problem is one of most fundamental and well-studied problems of Distributed Algorithms. Starting with the work of Cole and Vishkin in 86, there was a long line of gradually improving algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2008-12-26 Leonid Barenboim , Michael Elkin