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We investigate quantum interrogation techniques which allow imaging information about semi-transparent objects to be obtained with lower absorption rates than standard classical methods. We show that a gain proportional to log N can be…

A conceptual set-up for measuring the electric field in silicon detectors by electro-optical imaging is proposed. It is based on the Franz-Keldysh effect which describes the electric field dependence of the absorption of light with an…

The interaction of electrons with crystal lattice vibrations (phonons) and collective charge-density fluctuations (plasmons) influences profoundly the spectral properties of solids revealed by photoemission spectroscopy experiments.…

A statistical model for data emanating from digital image sensors is developed and used to define a notion of the system level photon counting accuracy given a specified quantization strategy. The photon counting accuracy for three example…

Direct photons provide a insightful tool to study the different stages of a heavy ion collision, especially the formation of a quark-gluon plasma, without being influenced by the strong interaction and hadronization processes. The yield of…

For a one-dimensional electron-phonon system we consider the photon absorption involving electronic excitations within the pseudogap energy range. Within the adiabatic approximation for the electron - phonon interactions these processes are…

To time-efficiently and stably acquire the intensity information for phase retrieval under a coherent illumination, we leverage an event-based vision sensor (EVS) that can detect changes in logarithmic intensity at the pixel level with a…

Low voltage scanning electron microscopy is a powerful tool for examining surface features and imaging beam sensitive materials. Improving resolution during low voltage imaging is then an important area of development. Decreasing the effect…

The act of measuring optical emissions from two remote qubits can entangle them. By demanding that a photon from each qubit reaches the detectors, one can ensure than no photon was lost. But the failure rate then rises quadratically with…

Digital images are commonly represented as regular 2D arrays, so pixels are organized in form of a matrix addressed by integers. However, there are many image processing operations, such as rotation or motion compensation, that produce…

We demonstrate a photon-counting technique for detecting Bragg excitation of an ultracold gas of atoms. By measuring the response of the light field to the atoms, we derive a signal independent of traditional time-of-flight atom-imaging…

Purpose: The objective of this work is to introduce an advanced framework designed to enhance ultrasound images, especially those captured by portable hand-held devices, which often produce lower quality images due to hardware constraints.…

Digital camera pixels measure image intensities by converting incident light energy into an analog electrical current, and then digitizing it into a fixed-width binary representation. This direct measurement method, while conceptually…

Thermal photons can provide information on the temperature of the new state of matter created at RHIC. In the p_T region of 1--3 GeV/c thermal photons are expected to be the dominant direct photon source. Therefore, a possible excess…

We present an adaptation of the pixel-reassignment technique from confocal fluorescent microscopy to coherent ultrasound imaging. The method, Ultrasound Pixel-Reassignment (UPR), provides a resolution and signal to noise (SNR) improvement…

Discovering the microscopic composition of dark matter is one of the most important open problems in physics today. Axions are a leading candidate to be dark matter; however, a search of the full range of all likely axion masses is hampered…

Direct imaging of exoplanets involves the extraction of very faint signals from highly noisy data sets, with noise that often exhibits significant spatial, spectral and temporal correlations. As a results, a large number of post-processing…

This paper is concerned with numerical algorithms for gain function approximation in the feedback particle filter. The exact gain function is the solution of a Poisson equation involving a probability-weighted Laplacian. The problem is to…

Time and angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful technique to measure electron dynamics in solids. Recent advances in this technique have facilitated band and energy resolved observations of the effect that excited…

Intensity correlation measurements form the basis of many experiments based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion. In the most common situation, two single-photon avalanche diodes and coincidence electronics are used in the detection of…