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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in visual question answering tasks, but their reliance on large numbers of visual tokens introduces significant computational overhead. While existing efficient VLM approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zichuan Lin , Yicheng Liu , Yang Yang , Lvfang Tao , Deheng Ye

The advent of real-time large multimodal models (LMMs) like GPT-4o has sparked considerable interest in efficient LMMs. LMM frameworks typically encode visual inputs into vision tokens (continuous representations) and integrate them and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shaolei Zhang , Qingkai Fang , Zhe Yang , Yang Feng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various multi-modal tasks, but they are often bottlenecked by the limited context window and high computational cost of processing high-resolution image inputs and videos.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xubing Ye , Yukang Gan , Xiaoke Huang , Yixiao Ge , Yansong Tang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are becoming increasingly popular, while the high computational cost associated with multimodal data input, particularly from visual tokens, poses a significant challenge. Existing training-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xudong Tan , Peng Ye , Chongjun Tu , Jianjian Cao , Yaoxin Yang , Lin Zhang , Dongzhan Zhou , Tao Chen

In recent years, large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on multimodal understanding and reasoning tasks. However, handling high-dimensional visual features often incurs substantial computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xiaoyang Guo , Keze Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) face severe memory and latency bottlenecks due to high-resolution visual tokens. While current token reduction methods theoretically save FLOPs, post-hoc pruning introduces structural overhead, failing to yield…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Fengze Yang , Bo Yu , Xuewen Luo , Cathy Liu , Chenxi Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage aligned visual encoders to transform images into visual tokens, allowing them to be processed similarly to text by the backbone large language model (LLM). This unified input paradigm enables VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Bangzheng Li , Fei Wang , Wenxuan Zhou , Nan Xu , Ben Zhou , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

Video compression is a fundamental topic in the visual intelligence, bridging visual signal sensing/capturing and high-level visual analytics. The broad success of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has enriched the horizon of video…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Chuanmin Jia , Feng Ye , Siwei Ma , Wen Gao , Huifang Sun , Leonardo Chiariglione

The quadratic complexity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with respect to context length poses significant computational and memory challenges, hindering their real-world deployment. In the paper, we devise a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yuhang Han , Xuyang Liu , Zihan Zhang , Pengxiang Ding , Junjie Chen , Donglin Wang , Honggang Chen , Qingsen Yan , Siteng Huang

Recent advancements in vision-language models (VLMs) have improved performance by increasing the number of visual tokens, which are often significantly longer than text tokens. However, we observe that most real-world scenarios do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Senqiao Yang , Junyi Li , Xin Lai , Bei Yu , Hengshuang Zhao , Jiaya Jia

Discrete diffusion-based multimodal large language models (dMLLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive MLLMs thanks to their advantages in parallel decoding and bidirectional context modeling, but most existing dMLLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Duo Li , Zuhao Yang , Xiaoqin Zhang , Ling Shao , Shijian Lu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Recent studies in long video understanding have harnessed the advanced visual-language reasoning capabilities of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), driving the evolution of video-LMMs specialized for processing extended video sequences.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Janghoon Cho , Jungsoo Lee , Munawar Hayat , Kyuwoong Hwang , Fatih Porikli , Sungha Choi

Modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs) adopt a unified self-attention design that processes visual and textual tokens at every Transformer layer, incurring substantial computational overhead. In this work, we revisit the necessity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Wenjie Liu , Hao Wu , Xin Qiu , Xudong Wang , Yingqi Fan , Yihan Zhang , Anhao Zhao , Yunpu Ma , Xiaoyu Shen

Despite their powerful capabilities, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from considerable computational overhead due to their reliance on massive visual tokens. Recent studies have explored token pruning to alleviate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xin Zou , Di Lu , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Xu Zheng , Linfeng Zhang , Xuming Hu

Visual token compression is critical for Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) to efficiently process high-resolution inputs. Existing methods that typically adopt fixed compression ratios cannot adapt to scenes of varying complexity, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Quan-Sheng Zeng , Yunheng Li , Qilong Wang , Peng-Tao Jiang , Zuxuan Wu , Ming-Ming Cheng , Qibin Hou

Visual encoding followed by token condensing has become the standard architectural paradigm in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). Many recent MLLMs increasingly favor global native- resolution visual encoding over slice-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Shichu Sun , Yichen Zhang , Haolin Song , Zonghao Guo , Chi Chen , Yidan Zhang , Yuan Yao , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Vision-language models (VLMs) face significant computational inefficiencies caused by excessive generation of visual tokens. While prior work shows that a large fraction of visual tokens are redundant, existing compression methods struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Zhengyao Fang , Pengyuan Lyu , Chengquan Zhang , Guangming Lu , Jun Yu , Wenjie Pei

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on tasks such as video captioning and visual question answering. However, their growing scale and video-level inputs lead to significant computational and memory overhead,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Chiyue Wei , Cong Guo , Junyao Zhang , Haoxuan Shan , Yifan Xu , Ziyue Zhang , Yudong Liu , Qinsi Wang , Changchun Zhou , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have been widely adopted to guide vision foundation models in performing reasoning segmentation tasks, achieving impressive performance. However, the substantial computational overhead associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Hanning Chen , Yang Ni , Wenjun Huang , Hyunwoo Oh , Yezi Liu , Tamoghno Das , Mohsen Imani