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Reasoning-oriented language models typically expose explicit reasoning as a long, front-loaded chain of "thinking" tokens before the main output, either always enabled or externally toggled at inference time. Although this can help on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Susmit Das

We need open platforms driven by specialists, in which queries can be created and collected for long periods and the diagnosis made, based on a rigorous clinical follow-up. In this work, we developed a multi-language robot interface helping…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-09-09 C. Yvanoff-Frenchin , V. Ramos , T. Belabed , C. Valderrama

Test-Time Learning (TTL) enables language agents to iteratively refine their performance through repeated interactions with the environment at inference time. At the core of TTL is an adaptation policy that updates the actor policy based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhanzhi Lou , Hui Chen , Yibo Li , Qian Wang , Bryan Hooi

Prevailing medical AI operates on an unrealistic ''one-shot'' model, diagnosing from a complete patient file. However, real-world diagnosis is an iterative inquiry where Clinicians sequentially ask questions and order tests to strategically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yufei He , Juncheng Liu , Zhiyuan Hu , Yulin Chen , Yue Liu , Yuan Sui , Yibo Li , Nuo Chen , Jun Hu , Bryan Hooi , Xinxing Xu , Jiang Bian

Large language models show potential for scalable mental-health support by simulating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) counselors. However, existing methods often rely on static cognitive profiles and omniscient single-agent simulation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Chang Liu , Changsheng Ma , Yongfeng Tao , Bin Hu , Minqiang Yang

Behavioral analysis of tutoring dialogues is essential for understanding student learning, yet manual coding remains a bottleneck. We present a methodology where LLM coding agents autonomously improve the prompts used by LLM classifiers to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Eason Chen , Isabel Wang , Nina Yuan , Sophia Judicke , Kayla Beigh , Xinyi Tang

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can profoundly affect reciprocal social communication, resulting in substantial and challenging impairments. One aspect is that for people with ASD conversations in everyday life are challenging due to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Christian Poglitsch , Johanna Pirker

Recent progress on large language models (LLMs) has enabled dialogue agents to generate highly naturalistic and plausible text. However, current LLM language generation focuses on responding accurately to questions and requests with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Joey Hong , Jessica Lin , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

Problem: Effective patient-centered communication is a core competency for physicians. However, both seasoned providers and medical trainees report decreased confidence in leading conversations on sensitive topics such as goals of care or…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Simon N. Chu , Alex J. Goodell

Autonomous driving is a multi-task problem requiring a deep understanding of the visual environment. End-to-end autonomous systems have attracted increasing interest as a method of learning to drive without exhaustively programming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Alexander Makrigiorgos , Ali Shafti , Alex Harston , Julien Gerard , A. Aldo Faisal

Large language models are increasingly deployed in multi-turn settings such as tutoring, support, and counseling, where reliability depends on preserving consistent roles, personas, and goals across long horizons. This requirement becomes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Han Luo , Guy Laban

Substance use disorders (SUDs) affect millions of people, and relapses are common, requiring multi-session treatments. Access to care is limited, which contributes to the challenge of recovery support. We present \textbf{ChatThero}, an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Junda Wang , Zonghai Yao , Lingxi Li , Junhui Qian , Zhichao Yang , Hong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) acting as artificial agents offer the potential for scalable behavioral research, yet their validity depends on whether LLMs can maintain stable personas across extended conversations. We address this point…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jana Gonnermann-Müller , Jennifer Haase , Nicolas Leins , Thomas Kosch , Sebastian Pokutta

This study presents the development and testing of a conversational speech system designed for robots to detect speech biomarkers indicative of cognitive impairments in people living with dementia (PLwD). The system integrates a backend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Rohith Perumandla , Young-Ho Bae , Diego Izaguirre , Esther Hwang , Andrew Murphy , Long-Jing Hsu , Selma Sabanovic , Casey C. Bennett

Testing conversational AI systems at scale across diverse domains necessitates realistic and diverse user interactions capturing a wide array of behavioral patterns. We present a novel multi-agent framework for realistic, explainable human…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hareeshwar Karthikeyan

As humans increasingly rely on multiround conversational AI for high stakes decisions, principled frameworks are needed to ensure such interactions reliably improve decision quality. We adopt a human centric view governed by two principles:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Sima Noorani , Shayan Kiyani , Hamed Hassani , George Pappas

Human conversation involves continuous exchanges of speech and nonverbal cues such as head nods, gaze shifts, and facial expressions that convey attention and emotion. Modeling these bidirectional dynamics in 3D is essential for building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Junjie Chen , Fei Wang , Zhihao Huang , Qing Zhou , Kun Li , Dan Guo , Linfeng Zhang , Xun Yang

Although numerous strategies have recently been proposed to enhance the autonomous interaction capabilities of multimodal agents in graphical user interface (GUI), their reliability remains limited when faced with complex or out-of-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Pengzhou Cheng , Lingzhong Dong , Zeng Wu , Zongru Wu , Xiangru Tang , Chengwei Qin , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Robot interfaces often only use the visual channel. Inspired by Wickens' Multiple Resource Theory, we investigated if the addition of audio elements would reduce cognitive workload and improve performance. Specifically, we designed a search…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Zhao Han , Adam Norton , Eric McCann , Lisa Baraniecki , Will Ober , Dave Shane , Anna Skinner , Holly A. Yanco

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms enable the development of fully autonomous agents that can interact with the environment. Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems decipher human implicit brain signals regardless of the explicit…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Chun-Ren Phang , Akimasa Hirata