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Consumer LiDARs in mobile devices and robots typically output a single depth value per pixel. Yet internally, they record full time-resolved histograms containing direct and multi-bounce light returns; these multi-bounce returns encode rich…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Nikhil Behari , Diego Rivero , Luke Apostolides , Suman Ghosh , Paul Pu Liang , Ramesh Raskar

Autonomous vehicles rely on a variety of sensors to gather information about their surrounding. The vehicle's behavior is planned based on the environment perception, making its reliability crucial for safety reasons. The active LiDAR…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Mariella Dreissig , Dominik Scheuble , Florian Piewak , Joschka Boedecker

Adaptive robots in dynamic production environments require robust perception capabilities, including 6D pose estimation and multi-object tracking. To address limitations in real-world data dependency, noise robustness, and spatiotemporal…

Most existing perception systems rely on sensory data acquired from cameras, which perform poorly in low light and adverse weather conditions. To resolve this limitation, we have witnessed advanced LiDAR sensors become popular in perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Aotian Wu , Pan He , Xiao Li , Ke Chen , Sanjay Ranka , Anand Rangarajan

The applications of automotive cameras in Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) are growing rapidly as automotive manufacturers strive to provide 360 degree protection for their customers. Vision systems must capture high quality images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Shane Gilroy , John O'Dwyer , Lucas Bortoleto

Long-duration, off-road, autonomous missions require robots to continuously perceive their surroundings regardless of the ambient lighting conditions. Most existing autonomy systems heavily rely on active sensing, e.g., LiDAR, RADAR, and…

Autonomous vehicles and robots often struggle with reliable visual perception at night due to the low illumination and motion blur caused by the long exposure time of RGB cameras. Existing methods address this challenge by sequentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Ling Wang , Chen Wu , Lin Wang

LiDAR-based 3D perception and localization on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are fundamentally limited by the narrow field of view (FoV) of compact LiDAR sensors and the payload constraints that preclude multi-sensor configurations.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jianping Li , Xinhang Xu , Zhongyuan Liu , Shenghai Yuan , Muqing Cao , Lihua Xie

Traffic light perception is an essential component of the camera-based perception system for autonomous vehicles, enabling accurate detection and interpretation of traffic lights to ensure safe navigation through complex urban environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rupert Polley , Nikolai Polley , Dominik Heid , Marc Heinrich , Sven Ochs , J. Marius Zöllner

Agile locomotion in complex 3D environments requires robust spatial awareness to safely avoid diverse obstacles such as aerial clutter, uneven terrain, and dynamic agents. Depth-based perception approaches often struggle with sensor noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zifan Wang , Teli Ma , Yufei Jia , Xun Yang , Jiaming Zhou , Wenlong Ouyang , Qiang Zhang , Junwei Liang

In this paper, we propose an accurate and robust perception module for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) for drivable space extraction. Perception is crucial in autonomous driving, where many deep learning-based methods, while accurate on benchmark…

Different outdoor illumination conditions drastically alter the appearance of urban scenes, and they can harm the performance of image-based robot perception systems if not seen during training. Camera simulation provides a cost-effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Ava Pun , Gary Sun , Jingkang Wang , Yun Chen , Ze Yang , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Wei-Chiu Ma , Raquel Urtasun

Scene understanding is a pivotal task for autonomous vehicles to safely navigate in the environment. Recent advances in deep learning enable accurate semantic reconstruction of the surroundings from LiDAR data. However, these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Borna Bešić , Nikhil Gosala , Daniele Cattaneo , Abhinav Valada

Low-visibility scenarios, such as low-light conditions, pose significant challenges to human pose estimation due to the scarcity of annotated low-light datasets and the loss of visual information under poor illumination. Recent domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haopeng Chen , Yihao Ai , Kabeen Kim , Robby T. Tan , Yixin Chen , Bo Wang

Deep learning models for object detection in autonomous driving have recently achieved impressive performance gains and are already being deployed in vehicles worldwide. However, current models require increasingly large datasets for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Esteban Rivera , Loic Stratil , Markus Lienkamp

Fast, efficient, and accurate depth-sensing is important for safety-critical applications such as autonomous vehicles. Direct time-of-flight LiDAR has the potential to fulfill these demands, thanks to its ability to provide high-precision…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Justin Folden , Atul Ingle , Sanjeev J. Koppal

Autonomous operation of UAVs in a closed environment requires precise and reliable pose estimate that can stabilize the UAV without using external localization systems such as GNSS. In this work, we are concerned with estimating the pose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Matěj Petrl\' ik , Tom\' aš Krajn\' ik , Martin Saska

Moving towards autonomy, unmanned vehicles rely heavily on state-of-the-art collision avoidance systems (CAS). However, the detection of obstacles especially during night-time is still a challenging task since the lighting conditions are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Jawad N. Yasin , Sherif A. S. Mohamed , Mohammad-hashem Haghbayan , Jukka Heikkonen , Hannu Tenhunen , Muhammad Mehboob Yasin , Juha Plosila

Simulation systems have become an essential component in the development and validation of autonomous driving technologies. The prevailing state-of-the-art approach for simulation is to use game engines or high-fidelity computer graphics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Wei Li , Chengwei Pan , Rong Zhang , Jiaping Ren , Yuexin Ma , Jin Fang , Feilong Yan , Qichuan Geng , Xinyu Huang , Huajun Gong , Weiwei Xu , Guoping Wang , Dinesh Manocha , Ruigang Yang

Accurate perception of dynamic obstacles is essential for autonomous robot navigation in indoor environments. Although sophisticated 3D object detection and tracking methods have been investigated and developed thoroughly in the fields of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhefan Xu , Haoyu Shen , Xinming Han , Hanyu Jin , Kanlong Ye , Kenji Shimada