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This article provides a tool for analyzing mechanisms that aim to achieve resilience against stealthy, or undetectable, attacks on cyber-physical systems (CPSs). We consider attackers who are able to corrupt all of the inputs and outputs of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Paul Griffioen , Bruce H. Krogh , Bruno Sinopoli

Anomaly detection is crucial to ensure the security of cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, due to the increasing complexity of CPSs and more sophisticated attacks, conventional anomaly detection methods, which face the growing volume of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Yuan Luo , Ya Xiao , Long Cheng , Guojun Peng , Danfeng Daphne Yao

Securing cyber-physical systems (CPS) against malicious attacks is of paramount importance because these attacks may cause irreparable damages to physical systems. Recent studies have revealed that control programs running on CPS devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Long Cheng , Ke Tian , Danfeng Yao , Lui Sha , Raheem A. Beyah

In this study, we focus on the impact of adversarial attacks on deep learning-based anomaly detection in CPS networks and implement a mitigation approach against the attack by retraining models using adversarial samples. We use the Bot-IoT…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Zahra Jadidi , Shantanu Pal , Nithesh Nayak K , Arawinkumaar Selvakkumar , Chih-Chia Chang , Maedeh Beheshti , Alireza Jolfaei

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are increasingly important in critical areas of our society such as intelligent power grids, next generation mobile devices, and smart buildings. CPS operation has characteristics including considerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Jose Moura , David Hutchison

With the exponential growth of cyber-physical systems (CPS), new security challenges have emerged. Various vulnerabilities, threats, attacks, and controls have been introduced for the new generation of CPS. However, there lack a systematic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Abdulmalik Humayed , Jingqiang Lin , Fengjun Li , Bo Luo

Concerns for the resilience of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)s in critical infrastructure are growing. CPS integrate sensing, computation, control, and networking into physical objects and mission-critical services, connecting traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Mariana Segovia-Ferreira , Jose Rubio-Hernan , Ana Rosa Cavalli , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) greatly benefit by using machine learning components that can handle the uncertainty and variability of the real-world. Typical components such as deep neural networks, however, introduce new types of hazards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Feiyang Cai , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a growing menace to modern digital infrastructure. Unlike traditional cyberattacks, APTs are stealthy, adaptive, and long-lasting, often bypassing signature-based detection systems. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sidahmed Benabderrahmane , Talal Rahwan

Large language models remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that elicit harmful outputs. Existing safety paradigms typically couple red-teaming and post-training in a closed, policy-centric loop, causing attack discovery to suffer from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xiaozhe Zhang , Chaozhuo Li , Hui Liu , Shaocheng Yan , Bingyu Yan , Qiwei Ye , Haoliang Li

The rapid evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) across various domains like mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, and the Internet of Things necessitates innovative solutions that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), in most instances, represent systems of systems with an informationally decentralized structure such as emerging mobility systems, networked control systems, sustainable manufacturing, smart power grids, power…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-15 Andreas Malikopoulos

Machine learning algorithms are effective in several applications, but they are not as much successful when applied to intrusion detection in cyber security. Due to the high sensitivity to their training data, cyber detectors based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Andreolini , Michele Colajanni , Mirco Marchetti

In the evolving digital landscape, it is crucial to study the dynamics of cyberattacks and defences. This study uses an Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT) framework to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of attacks and defences in cyberspace.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Adeela Bashir , Zia Ush Shamszaman , Zhao Song , The Anh Han

We study a game-theoretic model of the interactions between a Cyber-Physical System's (CPS) operator (the defender) against an attacker who launches stepping-stone attacks to reach critical assets within the CPS. We consider that, in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-30 Pradeep Sharma Oruganti , Parinaz Naghizadeh , Qadeer Ahmed

Computer network defence is a complicated task that has necessitated a high degree of human involvement. However, with recent advancements in machine learning, fully autonomous network defence is becoming increasingly plausible. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Myles Foley , Mia Wang , Zoe M , Chris Hicks , Vasilios Mavroudis

Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are characterized by their ability to integrate the physical and information or cyber worlds. Their deployment in critical infrastructure have demonstrated a potential to transform the world. However, harnessing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Felix Olowononi , Danda B. Rawat , Chunmei Liu

In response to the rapidly evolving nature of adversarial attacks against visual classifiers, numerous defenses have been proposed to generalize against as many known attacks as possible. However, designing a defense method that generalizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Qian Wang , Hefei Ling , Yingwei Li , Qihao Liu , Ruoxi Jia , Ning Yu

This work focuses on the use of deep learning for vulnerability analysis of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Specifically, we consider a control architecture widely used in CPS (e.g., robotics), where the low-level control is based on e.g.,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Amir Khazraei , Spencer Hallyburton , Qitong Gao , Yu Wang , Miroslav Pajic

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) play an increasingly significant role in many critical applications. These valuable applications attract various sophisticated attacks. This paper considers a stealthy estimation attack, which aims to modify…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-05 Zhiheng Xu , Arvind Easwaran