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Contrastive learning has emerged as an essential approach for self-supervised learning in visual representation learning. The central objective of contrastive learning is to maximize the similarities between two augmented versions of an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Hengkui Dong , Xianzhong Long , Yun Li , Lei Chen

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently emerged as an effective approach to learning representation in a range of downstream tasks. Central to this approach is the selection of positive (similar) and negative (dissimilar) sets to provide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Anh Bui , Trung Le , He Zhao , Paul Montague , Seyit Camtepe , Dinh Phung

We present a self-supervised learning (SSL) method suitable for semi-global tasks such as object detection and semantic segmentation. We enforce local consistency between self-learned features, representing corresponding image locations of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Ashraful Islam , Ben Lundell , Harpreet Sawhney , Sudipta Sinha , Peter Morales , Richard J. Radke

Supervised-contrastive loss (SCL) is an alternative to cross-entropy (CE) for classification tasks that makes use of similarities in the embedding space to allow for richer representations. In this work, we propose methods to engineer the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jaidev Gill , Vala Vakilian , Christos Thrampoulidis

Most Neural Networks (NNs) for classification are trained using Cross-Entropy as a loss function. This approach requires the model to have an explicit classification layer. However, there exist alternative approaches, such as Contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Leonardo Arrighi , Julia Eva Belloni , Aurélie Gallet , Ivan Gentile , Matteo Lippi , Marco Zullich

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) with a prototypical regularization has been introduced in learning meaningful representations for downstream tasks that require strong semantic information. However, to optimize CSL with a loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Shentong Mo , Zhun Sun , Chao Li

While contrastive learning is proven to be an effective training strategy in computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP) is only recently adopting it as a self-supervised alternative to Masked Language Modeling (MLM) for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Hooman Sedghamiz , Shivam Raval , Enrico Santus , Tuka Alhanai , Mohammad Ghassemi

Chromosome recognition is an essential task in karyotyping, which plays a vital role in birth defect diagnosis and biomedical research. However, existing classification methods face significant challenges due to the inter-class similarity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Ruijia Chang , Suncheng Xiang , Chengyu Zhou , Kui Su , Dahong Qian , Jun Wang

Contrastive self-supervised learning based on point-wise comparisons has been widely studied for vision tasks. In the visual cortex of the brain, neuronal responses to distinct stimulus classes are organized into geometric structures known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Guanming Zhang , David J. Heeger , Stefano Martiniani

Semi-supervised learning methods have shown promising results in solving many practical problems when only a few labels are available. The existing methods assume that the class distributions of labeled and unlabeled data are equal;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Min Gu Kwak , Hyungu Kahng , Seoung Bum Kim

In Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), various pretext tasks are designed for learning feature representations through contrastive loss. However, previous studies have shown that this loss is less tolerant to semantically similar samples due to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Shanshan Wang , Soumya Tripathy , Annamaria Mesaros

Due to the advantages of leveraging unlabeled data and learning meaningful representations, semi-supervised learning and contrastive learning have been progressively combined to achieve better performances in popular applications with few…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Bowen Tao , Lan Li , Xin-Chun Li , De-Chuan Zhan

Contrastive self-supervised learning has attracted significant research attention recently. It learns effective visual representations from unlabeled data by embedding augmented views of the same image close to each other while pushing away…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Yichen Zhang , Yifang Yin , Ying Zhang , Roger Zimmermann

This paper presents Prototypical Contrastive Learning (PCL), an unsupervised representation learning method that addresses the fundamental limitations of instance-wise contrastive learning. PCL not only learns low-level features for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Junnan Li , Pan Zhou , Caiming Xiong , Steven C. H. Hoi

In recent years, semi-supervised learning has been widely explored and shows excellent data efficiency for 2D data. There is an emerging need to improve data efficiency for 3D tasks due to the scarcity of labeled 3D data. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Zhimin Chen , Longlong Jing , Yang Liang , YingLi Tian , Bing Li

Cross entropy loss has served as the main objective function for classification-based tasks. Widely deployed for learning neural network classifiers, it shows both effectiveness and a probabilistic interpretation. Recently, after the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Rahaf Aljundi , Yash Patel , Milan Sulc , Daniel Olmeda , Nikolay Chumerin

Semi-supervised learning is a sound measure to relieve the strict demand of abundant annotated datasets, especially for challenging multi-organ segmentation . However, most existing SSL methods predict pixels in a single image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Lu Wen , Zhenghao Feng , Yun Hou , Peng Wang , Xi Wu , Jiliu Zhou , Yan Wang

Semi-supervised learning has been an effective paradigm for leveraging unlabeled data to reduce the reliance on labeled data. We propose CoMatch, a new semi-supervised learning method that unifies dominant approaches and addresses their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Junnan Li , Caiming Xiong , Steven Hoi

The advancement of deep learning has greatly improved supervised image classification. However, labeling data is costly, prompting research into unsupervised learning methods such as contrastive learning. In real-world scenarios, fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Shogo Nakayama , Masahiro Okuda

Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning has proven effective in deriving high-quality representations from unlabeled data. However, a major challenge that hinders both unimodal and multimodal contrastive learning is feature suppression, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jihai Zhang , Xiang Lan , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng , Mengling Feng , Bryan Hooi