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Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with computational efficiency and error propagation in multi-step reasoning tasks. While recent advancements on prompting and post-training have enabled LLMs to perform step-wise reasoning, they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuan Sui , Yufei He , Tri Cao , Simeng Han , Yulin Chen , Bryan Hooi

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown impressive capabilities in complex problem-solving, often benefiting from training on difficult mathematical problems that stimulate intricate reasoning. Recent efforts have explored automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Qizhi Pei , Zhuoshi Pan , Honglin Lin , Xin Gao , Yu Li , Zinan Tang , Conghui He , Rui Yan , Lijun Wu

We introduce Native Parallel Reasoner (NPR), a teacher-free framework that enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to self-evolve genuine parallel reasoning capabilities. NPR transforms the model from sequential emulation to native parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Tong Wu , Yang Liu , Jun Bai , Zixia Jia , Shuyi Zhang , Ziyong Lin , Yanting Wang , Song-Chun Zhu , Zilong Zheng

Autoregressive Language Models instantiate a factorized likelihood over token sequences, yet their strictly sequential decoding process imposes an intrinsic lower bound on inference latency. This bottleneck has emerged as a central obstacle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Maxim Divilkovskiy , Vitaly Malygin , Sergey Zlobin , Stanislav Ilyushin , Sultan Isali , Vasily Kalugin , Nuriza Aitassova , Fei Yi , Weidi Zeng

To break the context limits of large language models (LLMs) that bottleneck reasoning accuracy and efficiency, we propose the Thread Inference Model (TIM), a family of LLMs trained for recursive and decompositional problem solving, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hongyin Luo , Nathaniel Morgan , Tina Li , Derek Zhao , Ai Vy Ngo , Philip Schroeder , Lijie Yang , Assaf Ben-Kish , Jack O'Brien , James Glass

The transition from standard generative AI to \emph{reasoning-centric architectures}, exemplified by models capable of extensive Chain-of-Thought~(CoT) processing, marks a fundamental paradigm shift in system requirements. Unlike…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Moiz Arif , Avinash Maurya , Sudharshan Vazhkudai , Bogdan Nicolae

Prevalent retrieval-based tool-use pipelines struggle with a dual semantic challenge: their retrievers often employ encoders that fail to capture complex semantics, while the Large Language Model (LLM) itself lacks intrinsic tool knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Bowen Fang , Wen Ye , Yunyue Su , Jinghao Zhang , Qiang Liu , Yesheng Liu , Xin Sun , Shu Wu , Jiabing Yang , Baole Wei , Liang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive reasoning capabilities, yet existing prompting methods face a critical trade-off: simple approaches often struggle with complex tasks and reasoning stability, while more sophisticated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Guangya Wan , Yuqi Wu , Hao Wang , Shengming Zhao , Jie Chen , Sheng Li

Large language models (LLMs) with chain-of-thought reasoning achieve state-of-the-art performance across complex problem-solving tasks, but their verbose reasoning traces and large context requirements make them impractical for edge…

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities, but their practical deployment is hindered by significant computational costs. While adaptive computation methods like early-exiting promise to reduce these costs, they introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sangmin Bae

The increasing scale and complexity of large language models (LLMs) pose significant inference latency challenges, primarily due to their autoregressive decoding paradigm characterized by the sequential nature of next-token prediction. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Keyu Chen , Zhifeng Shen , Daohai Yu , Haoqian Wu , Wei Wen , Jianfeng He , Ruizhi Qiao , Xing Sun

This work introduces Weaver, our first family of large language models (LLMs) dedicated to content creation. Weaver is pre-trained on a carefully selected corpus that focuses on improving the writing capabilities of large language models.…

Deep research agents, which synthesize information across diverse sources, are significantly constrained by the sequential nature of reasoning. This bottleneck results in high latency, poor runtime adaptability, and inefficient resource…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Lunyiu Nie , Nedim Lipka , Ryan A. Rossi , Swarat Chaudhuri

While recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in automating test generation for regression testing, they often suffer from limited reasoning about program execution, resulting in stagnated coverage growth - a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Cuong Chi Le , Cuong Duc Van , Tung Duy Vu , Thai Minh Pham Vu , Hoang Nhat Phan , Huy Nhat Phan , Tien N. Nguyen

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized across a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks due to their impressive capabilities as few-shot learners. Recent techniques, such as chain-of-thought (CoT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Kamesh R

Querying tables with unstructured data is challenging due to the presence of text (or image), either embedded in the table or in external paragraphs, which traditional SQL struggles to process, especially for tasks requiring semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Rohit Khoja , Devanshu Gupta , Yanjie Fu , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

Autoregressive models, despite their commendable performance in a myriad of generative tasks, face challenges stemming from their inherently sequential structure. Inference on these models, by design, harnesses a temporal dependency, where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Jinghan Yao , Nawras Alnaasan , Tian Chen , Aamir Shafi , Hari Subramoni , Dhabaleswar K. , Panda

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have accelerated progress toward artificial general intelligence, with inference-time scaling emerging as a key technique. Contemporary approaches leverage either sequential reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Zenan Xu , Zexuan Qiu , Guanhua Huang , Kun Li , Siheng Li , Chenchen Zhang , Kejiao Li , Qi Yi , Yuhao Jiang , Bo Zhou , Fengzong Lian , Zhanhui Kang

Few-shot Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has demonstrated strong performance in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While theoretical investigations have been conducted to understand CoT, the underlying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yingqian Cui , Pengfei He , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Chen Luo , Jiliang Tang , Yue Xing

Recent reasoning Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable problem-solving abilities but often generate long thinking traces whose utility is unclear. Our work aims to improve their efficiency, enabling them to reach high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xiang Liu , Xuming Hu , Xiaowen Chu , Eunsol Choi