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We propose a Laplace approximation that creates a stochastic unit from any smooth monotonic activation function, using only Gaussian noise. This paper investigates the application of this stochastic approximation in training a family of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-25 Siamak Ravanbakhsh , Barnabas Poczos , Jeff Schneider , Dale Schuurmans , Russell Greiner

Recurrent neural networks are a widely used class of neural architectures. They have, however, two shortcomings. First, it is difficult to understand what exactly they learn. Second, they tend to work poorly on sequences requiring long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Cheng Wang , Mathias Niepert

An abelian network is a collection of communicating automata whose state transitions and message passing each satisfy a local commutativity condition. This paper is a continuation of the abelian networks series of Bond and Levine (2016),…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Swee Hong Chan , Lionel Levine

The study of brain states, ranging from highly synchronous to asynchronous neuronal patterns like the sleep-wake cycle, is fundamental for assessing the brain's spatiotemporal dynamics and their close connection to behavior. However, the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-13 Arnau Marin-Llobet , Arnau Manasanch , Maria V. Sanchez-Vives

During the last few years, significant attention has been paid to the stochastic training of artificial neural networks, which is known as an effective regularization approach that helps improve the generalization capability of trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Qi Sun , Yunzhe Tao , Qiang Du

This paper addresses the problem of localization, which is inherently non-convex and non-smooth in a federated setting where the data is distributed across a multitude of devices. Due to the decentralized nature of federated environments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Reza Mirzaeifard , Naveen K. D. Venkategowda , Stefan Werner

In this paper we develop linear transfer Perron Frobenius operator-based approach for optimal stabilization of stochastic nonlinear system. One of the main highlight of the proposed transfer operator based approach is that both the theory…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Apurba Kumar Das , Arvind Raghunathan , Umesh Vaidya

The Boltzmann Machine (BM) is a neural network composed of stochastically firing neurons that can learn complex probability distributions by adapting the synaptic interactions between the neurons. BMs represent a very generic class of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-16 Brian Kiraly , Elze J. Knol , Hilbert J. Kappen , Alexander A. Khajetoorians

The Hopfield network (HN) is a classical model of associative memory whose dynamics are closely related to the Ising spin system with 2-body interactions. Stored patterns are encoded as minima of an energy function shaped by a Hebbian…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Marco Cafiso , Paolo Paradisi

The field of neuroscience and the development of artificial neural networks (ANNs) have mutually influenced each other, drawing from and contributing to many concepts initially developed in statistical mechanics. Notably, Hopfield networks…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-10-17 Lucas Böttcher , Gregory Wheeler

The Hopfield network has been applied to solve optimization problems over decades. However, it still has many limitations in accomplishing this task. Most of them are inherited from the optimization algorithms it implements. The computation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Xiaofei Huang

The energy landscape of high-dimensional non-convex optimization problems is crucial to understanding the effectiveness of modern deep neural network architectures. Recent works have experimentally shown that two different solutions found…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Damien Ferbach , Baptiste Goujaud , Gauthier Gidel , Aymeric Dieuleveut

Hamiltonian neural networks (HNNs) are state-of-the-art models that regress the vector field of a dynamical system under the learning bias of Hamilton's equations. A recent observation is that embedding a bias regarding the additive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Zi-Yu Khoo , Dawen Wu , Jonathan Sze Choong Low , Stéphane Bressan

We consider restricted Boltzmann machines with a binary visible layer and a Gaussian hidden layer trained by an unlabelled dataset composed of noisy realizations of a single ground pattern. We develop a statistical mechanics framework to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-06-17 Alberto Fachechi , Elena Agliari , Miriam Aquaro , Anthony Coolen , Menno Mulder

Representation learning over graph structure data has been widely studied due to its wide application prospects. However, previous methods mainly focus on static graphs while many real-world graphs evolve over time. Modeling such evolution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-02 Tijin Yan , Hongwei Zhang , Zirui Li , Yuanqing Xia

This paper look at how the Hopfield neural network can be used to store and recall patterns constructed from natural language sentences. As a pattern recognition and storage tool, the Hopfield neural network has received much attention.…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Nigel Collier

The present paper provides a generalized model of network, namely, Hybrid Layered Network (HLN). We proved that the sets of all homogeneous, heterogeneous and multi-layered networks are subsets of the set of all HLNs depicting the model's…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shraban Kumar Chatterjee , Suman Kundu

We consider the training process of a neural network as a dynamical system acting on the high-dimensional weight space. Each epoch is an application of the map induced by the optimization algorithm and the loss function. Using this induced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Iva Manojlović , Maria Fonoberova , Ryan Mohr , Aleksandr Andrejčuk , Zlatko Drmač , Yannis Kevrekidis , Igor Mezić

In this paper, we study novel neural network structures to better model long term dependency in sequential data. We propose to use more memory units to keep track of more preceding states in recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which are all…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Rohollah Soltani , Hui Jiang

A stochastic model for a mobile network is studied. Users enter the network, and then perform independent Markovian routes between nodes where they receive service according to the Processor-Sharing policy. Once their service requirement is…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-01-14 Florian Simatos , Danielle Tibi